Metal Side Chairs
to
161
1,180
731
1,220
629
167
Height
to
Width
to
Depth
to
1,269
1,098
634
813
560
674
530
644
523
585
491
607
606
546
54
47
41
38
21
17
16
16
15
8
7
6
4
3
2
13
101
1,105
796
52
618
332
6
1
9
37
35
214
156
134
82
36
4,490
2,062
2,016
913
853
1,131
568
540
366
216
2,016
1,475
1,593
109
102
77
35
27
Material: Metal
Pair of French 19th Century Napoleon III Period Louis XVI Style Side Chairs
Located in West Palm Beach, FL
A striking and handsome pair of French 19th century Napoleon III period Louis XVI st. ebony and ormolu side chairs with unusually wide seats. Each chair is raised on four circular ta...
Category
19th Century French Louis XVI Antique Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Ormolu
Pair of VilleAV33 Outdoor Side Chairs-Bronze Green-by Anderssen
Voll for &T
By &Tradition
Located in Dubai, AE
A celebration of nature and materiality, Anderssen
Voll’s outdoor collection Ville embraces alfresco living with a combination of solidity and softness. Chosen for its comfort and ability to adapt to body temperature, the Ville side chair’s back and seat are crafted from polyester webbing.
Intuitively designed to suit the precise needs of hospitality settings or during the colder months at home locations, the Ville side chair stacks in multiples of up to 8 pieces.
Dimensions
W: 52cm / 20in, D: 59cm / 23in, H: 79cm / 31in
Seating H: 46cm / 18in
Seating D: 42cm / 17in
Weight
8.2 kg
Product Materials
Powder coated steel and polyester webbing.
Production Process
The metal is cut, shaped, welded then powder coated. The webbing of the chair seat is webbed by hand and cut into shape with a hot knife to avoid fraying.
Designer
Anderssen
Voll
Based in Oslo, partners Torbjørn Anderssen and Espen Voll have been instrumental in putting Norway on the global design map ever since they joined forces in 2009. Anderssen
Voll have received numerous international awards for their work within furniture, lighting and home accessories, including the Wallpaper* Design Awards, the Red Dot and iF Awards, as well as other accolades for Best Designs and Best Designers of the year. And yet they approach each new project with a feeling of freedom.
Rather than being defined by and confined to a specific way of being, Anderssen
Voll prefer to be open. They develop emotionally-driven designs. Their overall desire is to create designs with souls. To animate something inanimate. “We’re not dogmatic about it,” say Anderssen and Voll...
Category
2010s Chinese Scandinavian Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Steel
1931, Mart Stam for Thonet, Turquoise Wooden S43
Located in Amsterdam IJMuiden, NL
This item is part of the private collection of Casey Godrie and is situated in his private house. Ask him for competitive shipping quotes. His incredible Dune Villa, Amsterdam Beach...
Category
1930s German Bauhaus Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Chrome
2022 Herman Miller Eames DAW Dining Chair with Fabric Seat and Eiffel Base
Located in Philadelphia, PA
This is an Eames DAW Chair, originally designed by Ray and Charles Eames in 1950. This example was produced by Herman Miller in the USA in 2022. The chair fe...
Category
2010s American Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Steel
2024 Vester Chair by Chris Liljenberg Halstrom for Skagerak by Fritz Hansen
Located in Philadelphia, PA
This is a Vester Chair, originally designed by Chris Liljenberg Halstrom for Skagerak by Fritz Hansen. This particular piece was made in Denmark in 2024. The chair is crafted in soli...
Category
2010s Danish Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Brass
Fish Stool by Anadora Lupo, handmade stainless steel design chair / artwork
By Anadora Lupo
Located in Timisoara, RO
Build process
Technique: welded stainless steel, wrought iron. 100% hand crafted from zero by the artist. Build process takes between 3-4 weeks; please allow extra time for custom orders (materials and dimensions can be customized upon request). No two pieces will be the same, because each piece is 100% unique. Due to the nature of the material, the coloring may vary slightly from the photos.
Dimensions
L 35 cm, W 35 cm, H 42 cm
Materials
Stainless steel, iron.
Limited edition
“Fish Stool...
Category
2010s Balkan Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Sheet Metal
Sculptural Post Modern Chairs, France 1980s
Located in Rotterdam, ZH
Sculptural Post Modern chairs, France 1980s. The chairs are constructed out of a black lacquered tubular steel frame and thin shaped metal wires used...
Category
1980s French Post-Modern Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$9,375 / set
Black Stretch Stool (usa)
Located in Providence, RI
Carnevale Studio's most popular collection, “Stretch”.
Through experiments with a number of different materials I chose latex, bungee and rope for their bright colors and wondrous ...
Category
21st Century and Contemporary American Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$765 / item
Pink Stretch Stool
Located in Providence, RI
Carnevale Studio's most popular collection, “Stretch”.
Through experiments with a number of different materials I chose latex, bungee and rope for their bright colors and wondrous ...
Category
21st Century and Contemporary American Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$765 / item
Pair of Leather Swivel Chairs-Height Adjustable
Located in Isle Sur La Sorgue, Vaucluse
Black plastic shell, with the seat and back upholstered in black leather.
Lever to adjust height.
Chromed base.
Dimensions provided below are measured with the seats set to ...
Category
20th Century French Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$2,136 / set
Ph Pope Chair, Chrome, Leather Extreme Indianred
Located in Copenhagen, DK
The traditional Pope’s hat provided the inspiration for the shape of the chairs back, which is noted for its superior support and comfort.
The Pope Chair is designed in 1932 and is a clear statement that fits so well into all settings, whether it is at the lobby or lounge area, in the office for meeting purposes or in the home interior. It adds style and refinement to all settings!
The PH Pope...
Category
2010s Danish Bauhaus Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Chrome
$6,239 / item
PH Snake Chair, Chrome, Leather Natural Un-Dyed, Leather Upholstery, Visible
Located in Copenhagen, DK
The PH Snake chairs flowing lines within its steel tube design are inspired by the strong yet flexible body of a snake. It is multi-use and fits any roo...
Category
2010s Danish Bauhaus Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Chrome
PH Pope Chair, Chrome, Leather Extreme Walnut
Located in Copenhagen, DK
The traditional pope’s hat provided the inspiration for the shape of the chairs back, which is noted for its superior support and comfort.
The pope chair is designed in 1932 and is a clear statement that fits so well into all settings, whether it is at the lobby or lounge area, in the office for meeting purposes or in the home interior. It adds style and refinement to all settings!
The PH pope...
Category
2010s Danish Bauhaus Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Chrome
$6,239 / item
PH Pope Chair, chrome, leather extreme black
Located in Copenhagen, DK
The traditional Pope’s hat provided the inspiration for the shape of the chairs back, which is noted for its superior support and comfort.
The Pope Chair is designed in 1932 and is a clear statement that fits so well into all settings, whether it is at the lobby or lounge area, in the office for meeting purposes or in the home interior. It adds style and refinement to all settings!
The PH Pope...
Category
2010s Danish Bauhaus Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Chrome
$6,239 / item
PH Snake Chair, Chrome, Green Painted Satin Matt, Wood Seat/Back, Visible Tubes
Located in Copenhagen, DK
The PH snake chairs flowing lines within its steel tube design are inspired by the strong yet flexible body of a snake. It is multi-use and fits any room at home, in the apartment, i...
Category
2010s Danish Bauhaus Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Chrome
PH Snake Chair, chrome, red painted satin matt, wood seat/back, visible tubes
Located in Copenhagen, DK
The PH Snake Chairs flowing lines within its steel tube design are inspired by the strong yet flexible body of a snake. It is multi-use and fits any room at home, in the apartment, i...
Category
2010s Danish Bauhaus Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Chrome
PH Pope Chair, Chrome, Leather Extreme Mocca
Located in Copenhagen, DK
The traditional Pope’s hat provided the inspiration for the shape of the chairs back, which is noted for its superior support and comfort.
The Pope chair is designed in 1932 and is a clear statement that fits so well into all settings, whether it is at the lobby or lounge area, in the office for meeting purposes or in the home interior. It adds style and refinement to all settings!
The PH Pope...
Category
2010s Danish Bauhaus Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Chrome
$6,239 / item
Made to Order Carved Back and Legs Fontain Dining Side Chair
Located in Los Angeles, CA
Made to Order Carved Back and Legs Fontain Dining Side Chair, Finish Hand Painted and Gold Leaf Accents and Upholstered in Fortuny Fabric, This a Showroom Model
Upholstery: Customer ...
Category
2010s American Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Gold Leaf
Set of Four Early 20th Century Gilt Bronze Mounted Salon Chairs
Located in Long Island City, NY
A Set of Four Early 20th Century Gilt Bronze Mounted Transitional Style Salon Chairs
Curved “S” shaped backs, straight front and curved back legs.
Details:
Height – 34 inches / 86c...
Category
Early 20th Century French Belle Époque Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Bronze, Ormolu
Paul Schuitema Tube Chair, Original in Copper and Upholstered Wood, circa 1930
Located in Amsterdam IJMuiden, NL
This item is part of the private collection of Casey Godrie and is situated in his private house. Ask him for competitive shipping quotes. His incredible Dune Villa, Amsterdam Beach...
Category
1930s Dutch Industrial Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Copper
Art Deco Side Chairs Mid Hammered in Copper by Paul Mathieu
Located in New York, NY
Introducing the Art Deco Chairs, a stunning Art Deco Chairs set designed by the renowned Paul Mathieu for Stephanie Odegard. This elegant Art Deco Chair duo boasts a unique curved p...
Category
2010s Indian Other Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Copper, Sheet Metal
Art Deco Side Chairs in Smooth Copper by Paul Mathieu for S. Odegard
Located in New York, NY
Introducing the Art Deco Chairs, a stunning Art Deco Chairs set designed by the renowned Paul Mathieu for Stephanie Odegard. This elegant Art Deco Chair duo boasts a unique curved p...
Category
2010s Indian Other Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Copper, Sheet Metal
Art Deco Side Chairs Fine Hammered in Antique White Bronze by Paul Mathieu
Located in New York, NY
Introducing the Art Deco Chairs, a stunning Art Deco Chairs set designed by the renowned Paul Mathieu for Stephanie Odegard. This elegant Art Deco Chair duo boasts a unique curved p...
Category
2010s Indian Other Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Sheet Metal
Art Deco Side Chairs Mid Hammered in White Bronze by Paul Mathieu for S. Odegard
Located in New York, NY
The renowned designer Paul Mathieu chose the name “Louise” when he created his more feminine version of Louis XV (1730-1760) furniture.
The characteristic cabriole leg, curving outw...
Category
2010s Indian Other Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Sheet Metal
Art Deco Side Chairs in Smooth White Bronze by Paul Mathieu for S. Odegard
Located in New York, NY
Introducing the Art Deco Chairs, a stunning Art Deco Chairs set designed by the renowned Paul Mathieu for Stephanie Odegard. This elegant Art Deco Chair duo boasts a unique curved p...
Category
2010s Indian Other Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Sheet Metal
Art Deco Side Chairs Smooth Antique Bronze by Paul Mathieu for S. Odegard
Located in New York, NY
Introducing the Art Deco Chairs, a stunning Art Deco Chairs set designed by the renowned Paul Mathieu for Stephanie Odegard. This elegant Art Deco Chair duo boasts a unique curved p...
Category
2010s Indian Other Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Sheet Metal
1930, W.H. Gispen for Gispen, Diagonal Chair 1930 in Rope
New Red Canvas Cover
Located in Amsterdam IJMuiden, NL
This item is part of the private collection of Casey Godrie and is situated in his private house. Ask him for competitive shipping quotes. His incredible Dune Villa, Amsterdam Beach...
Category
1930s Dutch Industrial Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Chrome
Dutch Design, Set of Original Tubular Chairs with Black Upholstery, circa 1930
Located in Amsterdam IJMuiden, NL
This item is part of the private collection of Casey Godrie and is situated in his private house. Ask him for competitive shipping quotes. His incredible Dune Villa, Amsterdam Beach...
Category
1930s Dutch Industrial Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Chrome
Pair of Matte Powder Coated Metal Side Chairs
Located in Bronx, NY
Pair of matte powder coated metal side chairs.
Category
20th Century Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$680 Sale Price / set
20% Off
Black Stretch Stool
Located in Providence, RI
Carnevale Studio's most popular collection, “Stretch”.
Through experiments with a number of different materials I chose latex, bungee and rope for their bright colors and wondrous ...
Category
21st Century and Contemporary Dutch Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$694 Sale Price / item
10% Off
Pink Stretch Stool
Located in Providence, RI
Carnevale Studio's most popular collection, “Stretch”.
Through experiments with a number of different materials I chose latex, bungee and rope for their bright colors and wondrous ...
Category
21st Century and Contemporary Dutch Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$655 Sale Price / item
15% Off
Pair of leather and chrome side chairs, Italy 1960s
Located in Rotterdam, ZH
Pair of Italian side chairs, 1960s. Remarkable design and combination of materials. The high quality chromed tubular frames make a stunning contrast with the warm colored saddle leat...
Category
1960s Italian Mid-Century Modern Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Chrome
1932, Gerrit Rietveld / Ing. Mertens for Hopmi Factory, in Black Painted Plywood
Located in Amsterdam IJMuiden, NL
This item is part of the private collection of Casey Godrie and is situated in his private house.
Ask him for competitive shipping quotes. His incredible Dune Villa, Amsterdam Beach, find more details on his family name plus eu, is for sale soon too. :-)
Set of two Hopmi...
Category
1930s Dutch Industrial Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
Handmade Stainless Steel Chair by Anadora Lupo
By Anadora Lupo
Located in Timisoara, RO
Build process
Technique: welded stainless steel, wrought iron. 100% hand crafted from zero by the artist. Build process takes between 3-4 weeks; please allow extra time for custom o...
Category
2010s Balkan Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Sheet Metal
$16,783 / item
Art Deco Side Chairs Pair Designed by Paul Mathieu for Stephanie Odegard
Located in New York, NY
"Introducing the Art Deco Side Chairs Pair, a stunning set of Art Deco side chairs designed by the renowned Paul Mathieu for Stephanie Odegard. These elegant art deco side chairs boa...
Category
2010s Indian Art Deco Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Bronze, Sheet Metal
1932, Cor Alons, Hairpin Seat in Chrome and Grey Vinyl
By Cor Alons
Located in Amsterdam IJMuiden, NL
This item is part of the private collection of Casey Godrie and is situated in his private house. Ask him for competitive shipping quotes. His incredible Dune Villa, Amsterdam Beach,...
Category
1930s Dutch Bauhaus Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Chrome
$1,186 Sale Price
20% Off
Set of Five Selrite Armchairs
Located in Buchanan, MI
Set of five Selrite armchairs, great form. Missing seats. We also have 6 other arm chairs and one two seat settee with the upholstery done.
Category
1960s North American Mid-Century Modern Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Iron
$5,400 / set
Tolix T37 Stool Perforated Outdoor Painted in Black
By Tolix, Xavier Pauchard
Located in Shakopee, MN
- In a perforated steel version, the T37 chair takes on a lighter and more contemporary appearance.
- Stackable chair.
Category
21st Century and Contemporary French Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Stainless Steel
Tolix T37 Chair Perforated Outdoor Painted in Black
By Xavier Pauchard, Tolix
Located in Shakopee, MN
In a perforated steel version, the T37 Chair takes on a lighter and more contemporary appearance.
- Stackable chair.
Category
21st Century and Contemporary French Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Stainless Steel
Tolix T37 Chair Perforated Outdoor Painted in Night Blue
By Tolix, Xavier Pauchard
Located in Shakopee, MN
In a perforated steel version, the T37 chair takes on a lighter and more contemporary appearance.
- Stackable chair.
Category
21st Century and Contemporary French Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Stainless Steel
Original Early Vintage Tubular Side Chair, Black Manchester Fabric, circa 1930
Located in Amsterdam IJMuiden, NL
This item is part of the private collection of Casey Godrie and is situated in his private house. Ask him for competitive shipping quotes. His incredible Dune Villa, Amsterdam Beach...
Category
1930s European Bauhaus Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Chrome
1935, W.H. Gispen by Gispen Culemborg 413 Easy Chair in Original Corduroi Fabric
Located in Amsterdam IJMuiden, NL
This item is part of the private collection of Casey Godrie and is situated in his private house. Ask him for competitive shipping quotes. His incredible Dune Villa, Amsterdam Beach...
Category
1930s Dutch Mid-Century Modern Vintage Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Chrome
Desk chair Munch 1/2 arm in fabric and boucle handcrafted by Murmurio
By Murmurio
Located in Lordelo, PT
Designed with both dining and desk use in mind, the Much chair whith half arms is a versatile chair that offers a unique and elegant solution for your home.
Crafted from a sturdy bl...
Category
2010s Portuguese Industrial Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Iron
Munch Desk chair with arm in fabric and boucle handcrafted by Murmurio
By Murmurio
Located in Lordelo, PT
Designed with both dining and desk use in mind, the Much chair whith wooden arms is a versatile chair that offers a unique and elegant solution for your home.
Crafted from a sturdy ...
Category
2010s Portuguese Industrial Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Iron
Pair of High Back Chairs with Tufted Backs and Nicely Carved Legs
Located in Atlanta, GA
A pair of vintage American upholstered chairs with nicely carved legs and stretcher. This pair of good-sized, arm-less side chairs have an Italian inspired design, with each featurin...
Category
20th Century American Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
Collection of Nine American Metal Cafe Chairs
Located in Buchanan, MI
Collection of nine American metal cafe chairs.
Category
Early 20th Century American Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Iron
Trolley Side Chair With Arms by Phase Design
Located in Geneve, CH
Trolley Side Chair With Arms by Phase Design
Dimensions: D 59.7 x W 55.2 x H 81.3 cm.
Materials: Upholstery and powder-coated metal.
Fabric pric...
Category
2010s American Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$2,990 / item
Toy Chair by Doimo Brasil
Located in Geneve, CH
Toy Chair by Doimo Brasil
Dimensions: W 51 x D 54 x H 81 cm
Materials: Veneer, Paint.
With the intention of providing good taste and personality, Doimo...
Category
2010s Brazilian Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Other
$486 / item
Mook Chair by Doimo Brasil
Located in Geneve, CH
Mook Chair by Doimo Brasil
Dimensions: W 55 x D 46 x H 81 cm
Materials: Metal, upholstered seat.
With the intention of providing good taste and person...
Category
2010s Brazilian Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$806 / item
Kickstand Side Chair With Arms by Phase Design
Located in Geneve, CH
Kickstand Side Chair With Arms by Phase Design
Dimensions: D 63.5 x W 59.1 x H 79.4 cm.
Materials: Upholstery, powder-coated metal and brushed br...
Category
2010s American Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal, Brass
$3,500 / item
Foratta Chair by Doimo Brasil
Located in Geneve, CH
Foratta Chair by Doimo Brasil
Dimensions: W 59 x D 58 x H 79 cm
Materials: Metal, Natural leather with upholstered seat.
With the intention of providing good taste and personality...
Category
2010s Brazilian Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$996 / item
Bora Chair by Doimo Brasil
Located in Geneve, CH
Bora Chair by Doimo Brasil
Dimensions: W 56 x D 53 x H 81 cm
Materials: Metal chair with upholstered seat.
With the intention of providing good taste and personality, Doimo deciph...
Category
2010s Brazilian Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Metal
$949 / item
Folding Udder Chair by Henry D
ath
Located in Geneve, CH
Folding Udder Chair by Henry D'ath
Dimensions: D 45 x W 45 x H 77.5 cm
Materials: Wood, Steel.
Available finishes: White/Red Gloss.
Henry d’ath is a New Zealand-born, Hong Kong-b...
Category
2010s Chinese Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Steel
$4,177 / item
Hazelnut and Steel Trifolium Chair by Ox Denmarq
Located in Geneve, CH
Hazelnut and Steel Trifolium Chair by Ox Denmarq
Dimensions: D 69 x W 78 x H 86 cm
Materials: Leather, Textile, Stainless Steel
Also Available: Different leather colors and other ...
Category
2010s Danish Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Stainless Steel
$1,341 / item
Hazelnut and Black Trifolium Chair by Ox Denmarq
Located in Geneve, CH
Hazelnut and black trifolium chair by Ox Denmarq
Dimensions: D 69 x W 78 x H 86 cm
Materials: leather, textile, stainless steel
Also available: different leather colors and other ...
Category
2010s Danish Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Stainless Steel
$1,317 / item
Cognac and Black KS Chair by Ox Denmarq
Located in Geneve, CH
Cognac and black KS chair by Ox Denmarq
Dimensions: D 80 x W 98 x H 108 cm
Materials: leather, stainless steel
Also available: Different leather colors and other frame color avail...
Category
2010s Danish Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Stainless Steel
$1,756 / item
Cognac and Black November Chair by OxDenmarq
Located in Geneve, CH
Cognac and Black November chair by OxDenmarq
Dimensions: D 71 x W 76 x H 88 cm
Materials: Leather, Stainless Steel
Also Available: Different leather colors and other frame color a...
Category
2010s Danish Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Stainless Steel
$1,744 / item
Mocca Next Rest Chair by OxDenmarq
Located in Geneve, CH
Mocca Next Rest Chair by OxDenmarq
Dimensions: D 66 x W 60 x H 77 cm
Materials: Leather, Black Powder Coated Steel
Also Available: Different leather ...
Category
2010s Danish Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Stainless Steel
$1,625 / item
Hazelnut and Steel KS Chair by Ox Denmarq
Located in Geneve, CH
Hazelnut and Steel KS Chair by OxDenmarq
Dimensions: D 80 x W 98 x H 108 cm
Materials: Leather, Stainless Steel
Also Available: Different leather colors and other frame color avai...
Category
2010s Danish Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Stainless Steel
$1,886 / item
Mocca and Black KS Chair by OxDenmarq
Located in Geneve, CH
Mocca and Black KS chair by OxDenmarq
Dimensions: D 80 x W 98 x H 108 cm
Materials: Leather, Stainless Steel
Also Available: Different leather colors and other frame color availab...
Category
2010s Danish Post-Modern Metal Side Chairs
Materials
Stainless Steel
$1,756 / item
More Ways To Browse
Hot Water Bottle
House Of Faberge
Hummingbird Glass
Indian Shield
Inlaid Serpentine Chest
Inlaid Wood Display Cabinet
Islamic Jug
Italian Baroque Secretary
Italian Polychrome Commode
Italian Pottery Horses
Italica Ars
J Bird Vintage
Japanese Bizen Ware Pottery
Japanese Bronze Crab
Japanese Carved Bone
Japanese Carved Screen
Japanese Ceramics Cranes
Japanese Drum