Directoire Furniture
Formed in the wake of the Jacobin Reign of Terror’s bloody guillotine, the Directoire was established to lead France into order through the leadership of a five-member council of directors. It was brief, lasting only from 1795 to 1799, ending with Napoléon Bonaparte’s coup d’état, and was economically tumultuous. Yet it was an essential bridge between the era of Louis XVI and the elaborate Empire style that followed, with Directoire furniture and decorative arts shaped by a royal passion for classical design and an enthusiasm for postrevolutionary France.
Much of the country’s furniture production had halted during the French Revolution when the furniture guilds system was abolished, but during the Directoire period, the cabinetmakers restarted their businesses, such as François-Honoré-Georges and Jacob-Desmalter who established a new workshop called Jacob-Frères. Pieces made in walnut, elm, mahogany and other inexpensive materials incorporated influences ranging from Egypt to Pompeii, with popular forms including the curule armchair based on an ancient Roman design. The aesthetics of the transitional style were more austere than during the monarchy, with court cabinetmaker Jean-Baptiste Sené, for instance, reimagining his workshop’s neoclassical-style furniture with ungilded surfaces and a reduction of ornamentation.
Symbols referencing the revolutionary tenets of liberty, equality and fraternity were frequently carved into Directoire furnishings, such as the Phrygian cap, clasped hands and the fasces, which is an image of a bound bundle of sticks adopted from the Roman Republic, where it was seen as an emblem of strength through unity.
Elements of the French Directoire style continued through Empire style. Designers Charles Percier and Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine are credited today as major proponents of both movements. The classically inspired furniture design is represented in pieces such as the boat-shaped daybed and the klismos chair, which endured in French interiors as well as in styles abroad, including American Directoire.
Find a collection of antique Directoire chairs, tables, daybeds, decorative objects and other furniture on 1stDibs.
Early 1800s Italian Antique Directoire Furniture
Carrara Marble
Late 19th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Velvet, Hardwood, Paint
20th Century French Directoire Furniture
Granite, Marble, Bronze
Mid-20th Century French Directoire Furniture
Brass
1950s Vintage Directoire Furniture
Brass, Iron
19th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Upholstery, Wood
1960s Vintage Directoire Furniture
Mahogany
Late 20th Century Italian Directoire Furniture
Wrought Iron
1950s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Brass
20th Century French Directoire Furniture
Marble
20th Century French Directoire Furniture
Bronze
1950s Vintage Directoire Furniture
Brass, Steel
18th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Metal, Brass
20th Century French Directoire Furniture
Glass, Wood, Mahogany
1950s Vintage Directoire Furniture
Brass, Chrome
Late 18th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Bronze, Ormolu
1890s French Antique Directoire Furniture
Belgian Black Marble, Bronze
Late 18th Century Swedish Antique Directoire Furniture
20th Century Directoire Furniture
Late 18th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Leather, Mahogany
1940s Vintage Directoire Furniture
Upholstery, Mahogany, Silk
20th Century Directoire Furniture
Leather
1940s Vintage Directoire Furniture
Onyx, Bronze
1950s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Marble, Bronze
Late 19th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Wood
1950s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Iron
1950s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Suede
Early 20th Century French Directoire Furniture
Leather, Mahogany
Early 19th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Mahogany
1950s Vintage Directoire Furniture
Brass, Iron
1950s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Brass, Wrought Iron
1950s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Bronze, Iron
1950s Italian Vintage Directoire Furniture
Marble, Bronze
1940s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Wood
1930s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Wood
1970s Vintage Directoire Furniture
Marble, Brass, Steel
19th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Iron
Early 20th Century French Directoire Furniture
Bronze
19th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Gold
20th Century French Directoire Furniture
Marble
Early 19th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Marble
Early 19th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Marble, Ormolu
20th Century Turkish Directoire Furniture
Wool
1960s Italian Vintage Directoire Furniture
Brass
Early 20th Century Persian Directoire Furniture
Wool
Late 18th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Bronze
20th Century French Directoire Furniture
Carrara Marble
1960s Vintage Directoire Furniture
Brass, Bronze
Early 19th Century Italian Antique Directoire Furniture
Mahogany
20th Century English Directoire Furniture
Creamware
Early 20th Century Directoire Furniture
Marble, Bronze
Late 18th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Iron
19th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Gold
20th Century French Directoire Furniture
Wood
1950s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Bronze
1950s Vintage Directoire Furniture
Wrought Iron
19th Century French Antique Directoire Furniture
Ormolu
1940s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Upholstery, Beech
Early 1800s Italian Antique Directoire Furniture
Carrara Marble
1950s French Vintage Directoire Furniture
Silk, Wood





