1930s Paintings

Emile Albert Gruppe was a very well known Cape Ann, Massachusetts painter who founded his own Gruppe Summer School in 1942. He was born in Rochester, NY in 1896 and studied at the A...

Jules Herve (French, 1887 - 1981) Place Jeanne D'Arc, Paris, circa 1930 Oil on canvas 8 3/4 x 10 3/4 inches Signed lower right; signed on the reverse Jules Rene Herve, an impression...

Charming 1930's impressionistic seascape of blue waves crashing on a rocky shore with distant sail boats on the horizon by Charles Morris (American, b-1889) c.1930. Signed lower left...

Vintage American modernist landscape oil painting. Oil on board. Framed. Signed. Measuring: 13 by 17 inches overall, and 9.5 by 13.5 painting alone. In excellent original condition...

W.Redworth, English portrait of a terrier dog, circa 1935 Wonderful oil on canvas portrait. A very English animal portrait and a very well painted painting, framed in an amazing a...

Oil on canvas by Yves Dieÿ (1892-1984), France – The Nude. A striking oil on canvas by the renowned French artist Yves Dieÿ (1892-1984), depicting a sensual and elegant nude. This wo...

French school of the 20th century, portrait of elegant, oil on canvas monogrammed and dated E.B. 1931 lower left. The monogram E.B. is also repeated on the back of the canvas. The...

Rare vintage oil painting of fish by French artist Lucie Tullat, signed in the bottom right and in it's original frame. A simplistic composition that has a big affect on the eye! ...

“Jamaican Girl by the Palm Tree, c. 1930” by Will Howe Foote (American, 1874-1965) A fantastic portrait of a young Jamaican woman set against a vibrant palm frond, painted by the re...

Universal bank is an original modern artwrok realized by Antonio Feltrinelli in the 1930s. Mixed colored oil painting on canvas. The artwork depi...

Wonderful Ayrshire Cow painting by New York artist William Garrett Van Zandt. Painted in 1934, oil on board, signed and dated lower left. 10" x 13", in a nice period frame. William ...

Vintage American impressionist farm landscape oil painting by Stephen Voorhies (Born 1898). Oil on canvas. Framed. Measuring: 27 by 31 inches overall, and 20 by 24 painting alone. I...

Original cover illustration for Collier's magazine, published March 22, 1930 EXHIBITED: The Frederick R Weisman Museum of Art, Pepperdine University, Malibu, California, "Illustrat...

This striking Art Deco portrait oil painting is by female artist Jolan Polatschek Williams. Williams was born in Austria but settled in England in the 1920's where she remained. Pain...

A bright and cheerful depiction of the hills near Monterey, CA by American artist John O'Shea. Born in Ireland in 1913, O'Shea moved to Pasadena, California and began his career as ...

Oil on canvas by Charles PICART LE DOUX (1881-1959), France, 1939. The Beautiful Girl. With frame: 85.5x72.5 cm - 33.7x28.5 inches ; without frame: 73x60cm - 28.75x23.6 inches. 20F f...

Untitled Riverscape, an original oil on canvas by George Thompson Pritchard, is a piece for the true collector. An impressively calming nature of this plein-air painting draws you in...

Bright, vibrant expressionist oil painting of Oregon coast and crashing surf by Lida Allen Macklin (American, 1872 - 1960), painted 1937. Signed lower rig...

Wonderful California landscape of foothills with stream, Birch and Oak trees. Unsigned. Unframed. Image size: 12"H x 18"W.

A dramatic breakthrough of sunlight illuminates the waters of Vaxholm Bay (Vaxholmsfjärden) in this 1932 oil painting by Swedish artist Oskar Bergman. The composition captures the et...

Maurice Asselin (1882-1947) A Bunch of pansies and nasturtiums Signed lower left Oil on canvas In good condition 35 x 24 cm Framed : 51 x 40 cm Maurice Asselin was particularly f...

Portrait of Woman is an original artwork realized by the Italian artist Antonio Feltrinelli in the 1930s. Original oil on plywood. Beautiful and representative artwork of a female...

This vibrant French Art Deco floral oil painting is by noted French artist Jacques Emile Blanche. Painted circa 1930, the palette is of wonderful tones of yellow and orange with spla...

Carl Johansson, also known as "Ultramarin Johansson," was a Swedish artist born in 1863 and known for his distinctive blue-toned paintings. His work often depicted landscapes, seascapes, and cityscapes, capturing the beauty and essence of Sweden's natural landscapes. We are proud to offer one of his late works from 1935 for sale. This painting depicts a beautiful landscape from Nordingrå, a small village situated on the High coast of Sweden. The beauty of Nordingrå has captured many artists in the 19th-century, inspiring many famous painters, including Helmer Osslund...

Title: Pensive Woman Artist: Vicente Oliver (1896–1970) Technique: Oil on canvas Dimensions: 18.1 x 15.0 in (46 x 38 cm) Support: Unframed canvas Date: Mid-20th century Signatu...

Nude is an orignal modern artwork realized by Antonio Feltrinelli in 1930s. Mixed colored oil painting on canvas. Not signed. Antonio Feltrinell...

Ann Brockman (1895–1943) was an American artist who achieved success as a figurative painter following a successful career as an illustrator. Born in California, she spent her childhood in the American Far West and, upon marrying the artist William C. McNulty, relocated to Manhattan at the age of 18 in 1914. She took classes at the Art Students League where her teachers included two realist artists of the Ashcan School, George Luks and John Sloan. Her career as an illustrator began in 1919 with cover art for four issues of a fiction monthly called Live Stories. She continued providing cover art and illustrations for popular magazines and books until 1930 when she transitioned from illustrator to professional artist. From that year until her death in 1943, she took part regularly in group and solo exhibitions, receiving a growing amount of critical recognition and praise. In 1939 she told an interviewer that making money as an illustrator was so easy that it "almost spoiled [her] chances of ever being an artist."[1] In reviewing a solo exhibition of her work in 1939, the artist and critic A.Z Kruse wrote: "She paints and composes with a thorough understanding of form and without the slightest hesitancy about anatomical structure. Add to this a magnificent sense of proportion, and impeccable feeling for color and an unmistakable knowledge of what it takes to balance the elements of good pictorial composition and you have a typical Ann Brockman canvas."[2] Early life and training Brockman was born in Northern California in 1895 and spent much of her youth in nearby Oregon, Washington, and Utah.[1][3] She met the artist William C. McNulty in Seattle where he was employed as an editorial cartoonist. They married in March 1914 and promptly moved to Manhattan where he worked as a freelance illustrator.[4][5] At the time of their marriage, Brockman was 18 years old.[6] Over the next few years, her career generally followed that path that her husband had previously taken. His art training had been at the Art Students League beginning in 1908; she began her training there after moving to New York in 1914.[1] After an early career as an editorial cartoonist, he freelanced as a magazine and book illustrator beginning in 1914; she began her career as a magazine and book illustrator in 1919.[7] He embarked on a teaching career in the early 1930s and not long after, she began giving art instruction.[8][9] While they both adhered to the realist tradition in art, their usual subjects were different. His prominently depicted urban cityscapes in the social realist whereas hers generally focused on rural landscapes. He was best known for his etchings and she for her oils and watercolors.[8][10] Brockman returned to the Art Students League in 1926 to take individual instruction for a month at a time from George Luks and John Sloan.[1] Despite their help, one critic said McNulty's "sympathetic encouragement and guidance" was more important to her development as a professional artist.[11] Career in art In the course of her career as illustrator, Brockman would sometimes paint portraits of celebrities before drawing them, as for example in 1923 when she painted the French actress Andrée Lafayette who had traveled to New York to play title role in a film called Trilby.[12] She would also sometimes accept commissions to make portrait paintings and in 1929 painted two Scottish terriers on one such commission.[13] During this time, she also produced landscapes. In 1924 she displayed a New England village street scene painting in the Second Annual Exhibition of Paintings, Watercolors, and Drawings in the J. Wanamaker Gallery of Modern Decorative Art.[14] Available sources show no further exhibitions until in 1930 a critic for the Boston Globe described one of her portraits as "well done" in a review of a Rockport Art Association exhibition held that summer.[15] Between 1931 and her death in 1943, Brockman participated in over thirty group exhibitions and five solos.[note 1] Her paintings appeared in shows of the artists' associations to which she belonged, including the Rockport Art Association, Salons of America, Society of Independent Artists, and National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors.[17][19]Between 1932 and 1935, her paintings appeared frequently in New York's Macbeth Gallery.[20][23][25][27] She won an award for a painting she showed at the Art Institute of Chicago in 1940.[41] In 1942, the Whitney Museum bought one of the paintings she showed in its Biennial of that year.[10] Critical praise for her work steadily increased during the decade that ended with her untimely death in 1943. In 1932, her painting called "The Camera Man" was called "a clever piece of illustration."[21] Three years later, a painting called "Small Town" gave a critic "the impression of freshness, honesty, and skill".[29] In 1938, a critic described her "Folly Cove" as "masterful" and said "Pigeon Hill Picnic" was "sustained by excellence of execution".[48] At that time, Howard Devree of the New York Times saw "evidence of gathering powers" in her work and wrote "she imparts a dramatic feeling to landscape. She even manages this time to do trees touched by Autumn tints without calendar effect, which is no small praise."[51] Three years later, a Times critic reported Brockman had "set herself a new high" in the watercolors she presented,[52] and another critic said the gallery where she was showing had not "for some time" shown "so outstanding a solo exhibitor as Ann Brockman."[2] Shortly before her death, a critic for Art News maintained that she was "one of America's most talented women painters".[46] After she had died, a critic said Brockman's paintings "displayed real power", adding that she was "highly rated among the nation's professional artists" and was known to give "aid and encouragement, always with a smile," both artists and to her students.[10] in reviewing the memorial exhibition at the Kraushaar Galleries held in 1945, reviewers wrote about the strength and vibrancy of her personality, the quality of her painting ("every bit as good, possibly better than people had thought"),[53] called her "one of the best of our twentieth century women painters", and credited "her sense of the vividness of life" as a contributor to "the unusual breadth that is so characteristic of her work.[11] One noted that her work was "widely recognized throughout the country" and could be found in the collections of prominent museums, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and the Art Institute of Chicago.[54] Writing in the Times, Devree wrote, "even those who had followed the steady growth of this artist for more than a decade, each successive show being at once an evidence of new achievement and an augury of still better work to come, may well be surprised at the combined impact of the selected paintings in the present showing,"[55] and writing in the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, A.Z Kruse said she had made "extraorginary accomplishments", painted with "inordinate distinction" showing a "lyrical majesty," and possessed "a keen esthetic sense which did not deviate from truth."[54] Artistic style (1) Ann Brockman, undated drawing, black chalk on paper, 18 x 22 inches (2) Ann Brockman, High School Picnic, about 1935, oil on canvas, 34 1/4 x 44 1/4 inches (3) Ann Brockman, untitled landscape, about 1943, watercolor and pencil on paper, 15 1/4 x 22 1/2 inches (4) Ann Brockman, North Coast, undated watercolor, 21 1/2 x 30 inches (5) Ann Brockman, On the Beach, 1942, watercolor on paper, 16 1/2 x 20 inches (6) Ann Brockman, Lot's Wife, 1942, oil on canvas, 46 x 35 inches (7) Ann Brockman, New York Harbor, 1934, watercolor on paper, 13 1/2 x 19 1/4 inches (8) Ann Brockman, Youth, 1942, oil on board, 13 1/2 x 11 1/2 inches Brockman was a figurative painter whose main subjects were rural landscapes and small-town and coastal scenes. She worked in oils and watercolors, becoming better known for the latter late in her career. Most of her paintings were relatively small. Although she made figure pieces infrequently, the nudes and circus and Biblical scenes she painted were seen to be among her best works. In 1938, Howard Devree wrote: "Her gray-day marines and coast scenes are familiar to gallery goers and are favorites with her fellow artists. Her figure pieces have attained a sculptural quality without losing warmth or taking on stiffness. One spirited circus incident of equestriennes about to enter the big tent compares not unfavorably with many of the similar pictures by a long line of painters who have been fascinated by the theme. She imparts a dramatic feeling to landscape. She even manages this time to do trees touched by Autumn tints without calendar effect, which is no small praise."[51] Similarly, a critic for Art Digest wrote that year: "Fluently and virilely painted, [her] canvases suggest a close affinity between nature and humans. The artist takes her subjects out in the open where they may picnic or bathe with space and air about them. A fast tempo is felt in the compositions of restless horses and nimble entertainers busily alert for the coming performance. Miss Brockman is also interested in portraying frightened groups of people, hurrying to safety or standing half-clad in the lowering storm light."[56] Her palette ranged from vivid colors in bright sunlight to somber ones in the overcast skies of stormy weather. Of the former, one critic spoke of the rich colors and "sun-drenched rocks" of her coastal scenes and another of her "summery landscapes of coves and picnics."[11][50] Of the latter, Howard Devree said she "painted so many moody Maine coast vignettes of lowering skies and uneasy seas that artists have been heard to refer to an effect as 'an Ann Brockman day'".[57] Brockman's handling of Biblical subjects can be seen in the oil called "Lot's Wife", shown above, Image No. 6. Her watercolor called "On the Beach" and her oil portrait called "Youth" may both indicate the "sculptural quality" that Devree said was typical of her figure pieces (Image No. 8, above). An example of Brockman's bright palette in a typical summer theme is the oil painting called "High School Picnic" shown above, Image No. 2. Next to it is a painting, an untitled landscape of about 1943 whose medium, watercolor on paper, shows off the sunny palette she often used (Image No. 3). Among the darkest of her works was an untitled 1942 drawing she made in black chalk (shown above, Image No. 1). In a book called Drawings by American Artists (1947), the artist and art editor Norman Kent noted that this study influenced her painting through its use of "forms" that were "elastic" and suggested "color". He said its "massing of dark and light" created "a definite mood" that was "impressionistic" and had "the strength of a man's work".[58] Brockman's undated watercolor called "North Coast" (shown above, Image No. 4) is an example of the paintings to which Kent referred. Illustrator (9) Ann Brockman, cover, March 12, 1917, Every Week magazine (10) Illustration of an article, "The Taking of a Salient" by Henry Russell...

ARTIST: Jean Dufy (French,1888 - 1964) TITLE: “NATURE MORTE AU BOUQUET DE ROSES ET DE MARGUERITES” (Signed watercolor/mixed media work) DESCRIPTION: Watercolor/ Mixed media, on pape...

Antique American impressionist seascape oil painting. Oil on canvas. Framed. Signed. Measuring: 26 by 30 inches overall, and 20 by 24 painting alone. In excellent original conditio...

Charles Kvapil (1884-1958) "The Bather," massive oil painting on canvas signed lower right "Kvapil 1936." Charles Kvapil, born in Czechoslovakia and naturalized Belgian, is a painte...

Antique American impressionist sunset landscape oil painting by Louis Saphier (1875/77 - 1954). Oil on canvas. Framed. Signed. Measuring: 30 by 43 inches overall, and 24 by 36 pai...

In 1910, having separated from her first husband, the artist model Jeanne Chastagnier Serré had a relationship with the surrealist Marcel Duchamp: you know, the one of the porcelain ...

"Kachina Eagle Dancer" - 1939 Serigraph Serigraph of a Kachina Eagle Dancer by Hopi Pueblo artist Kyrate Tuvahoema (Native American, 1914-1942). The Kachina Eagle Dancer wears a vib...

The Army Officer *see notes below by Kathleen Emily Temple-Bird (British 1879 - 1962) oil painting on canvas , unframed canvas: 24 x 18 inches condition: very good, minor surface scu...

Signed oil on board seascape by French fauvist painter Albert Marquet. The piece depicts a view of the Mediterranean sea from the city of Algiers, the capital city of Algeria. In the...

this painting perfectly encapsulates the artistic Parisian Montparnasse bohemianism of the 1920s and 30s. We see a beautiful but certainly nonchalent woman seated on a day bed in the...

George Bertrand Mitchell was born in East Bridgewater, Massachusetts just before America’s Centennial. He initially worked in Lowell and Provincetown, where he befriended numerous a...

Raphael DELORME (1886-1962) Study, preparatory work for “La Princesse” Watercolor and pencil on paper Annotated “La Princesse” 30,5 x 22,5 cm Small folds and small stains Born in 18...

WPA Landscape American Scene Social Realism Mid 20th Century Modern Farm Rural James McCracken (1875 – 1967) WPA Landscape 28 x 36 inches Oil on canvas, c. 1930s Signed lower right ...

A unique and captivating 1930s Modern still life painting featuring a derby hat, wine bottle, books and bowl of fruit by artist Francis Chapin. Titled "Still Life with Derby" the pa...

Antique American impressionist nude landscape oil painting. Oil on canvas. Framed. Signed. In excellent original condition. Handsomely framed in a silver carved molding. Excelle...

A colorful, vibrant 1930s winter scene painting Saugatuck, Michigan by famed Chicago Modern artist, Francis Chapin (Am. 1899-1965). Depicting the Old Fish House on the left, with a ...

Lucien Neuquelman, French (1909 - 1988) - Women in Meadow, Year: circa 1938, Medium: Oil on canvas, signed lower right, Size: 9.5 x 13.75 in. (24.13 x 34.93 cm), Frame Size: 16.5...

Winter Landscape with Red Cottage by Otto Lindberg 1930 This oil on canvas, signed and dated “Otto Lindberg 1930”, captures a serene winter scene in Sweden. A low winter sun filters ...

In this gilt wood framed oil on canvas waterscape, American Impressionist artist Harry Hoffman depicts the last moments of a morning sunrise over a river in predominant hues of lavender, purple, pink and blue. The sky is reflected in the water below with a sandy brown beach and large green tree in the foreground. Harry Leslie Hoffman was born in Cressona, a small community in Pennsylvania’s Schuylkill Valley. His mother was an amateur artist who encouraged her son to pursue a career in the arts. In 1893, Hoffman entered the School of Art at Yale University and studied with John Ferguson Weir, the son of Robert Walter Weir. After graduation in 1897, Hoffman moved to New York to continue his studies at the Art Students League. He also traveled to Paris and took classes at the Académie Julien. In the summer of 1902, Hoffman attended the Lyme Summer School of Art, in the town of Old Lyme on the Connecticut coast. The school was headed by Frank Vincent Dumond and was located in a boarding house owned by Florence Griswold. The school eventually grew into an artists’ colony and a center for American Impressionism. When Hoffman first arrived as a student, he was not permitted to stay in the house which was designated for the professional artists only. However, his outgoing personality soon won him many friends at the colony. In 1905, Hoffman settled in Old Lyme and worked as a full member of the artist colony. He was particularly influenced by Willard Leroy Metcalf, an Impressionist also working in Old Lyme. Fellow artists later fondly recalled Hoffman’s antics at the Griswold house, which included playing the flute and banjo, tap-dancing, singing humorous songs, and performing magic tricks. In 1910, Hoffman married another Old Lyme artist named Beatrice Pope, and the couple had one child in 1921. Hoffman and his wife often escaped New England during the harsh winter months. In the winters of 1914 and 1915 he traveled to Savannah, Georgia with fellow Old Lyme artist William Chadwick...

"Young Westminster" by Kathleen Emily Temple-Bird (British 1879 - 1962) signed and dated 1931 oil painting on canvas, framed framed: 33 x 24 canvas: 29 x 20 inches condition: very go...

This painting by Bernhard Oscarsson (1894-1977) is a captivating visual narrative of Stockholm's serene beauty. Oscarsson, a student of Caleb Althin's painting school and the Royal S...

Josep Ventosa Domenech (1897-1982) - Navarcles - Oil on panel Oil measurements 16x22 cm. Frame measurements 31x37 cm.

Artist/ School: French Impressionist School, circa 1930's, indistinctly signed lower right corner Title: Still life of roses in a vase (yellow, pink, reds) Medium: oil on canvas, u...

Léon Frédéric (1856-1940) A Summer landscape signed at the lower left Oil on canvas transfered on panel 29 x 44 cm Framed : 39 x 54.5 cm in good condition, However, there is a cr...

Oil on canvas mounted on board, realized by Francesco Settimj in 1930s. Good condition.

“Still Life, 1936” by Katharine "Kitty" Duff Church (British, 1910-1999). This large, early painting by Katherine Church is among her finest canvases of the period. Characterized by its bold color palette, simplified forms, and expressive brushwork, this composition centers around a tabletop adorned with various objects: potted plants, a ceramic dish, bottles, and what appear to be books or papers. The two potted plants provide contrasting elements: on the left, what appears to be a cyclamen with red blossoms and delicate leaves, and on the right, a lush green plant with darker foliage. These plants, painted with loose, textured strokes, add an organic quality to the otherwise structured arrangement. The tabletop is cluttered yet thoughtfully composed, featuring additional objects like a clear, faceted glass bowl, a small bottle, and books or pads in striking red and green. The dynamic use of color blocks and the juxtaposition of shapes (round pots against rectangular books) create a sense of rhythm and harmony. The background is darker and less defined, emphasizing the brightly lit tabletop. Church's brushwork is gestural and modernist, leaning toward abstraction, challenging traditional still life conventions. This painting reflects Church’s interest in balancing everyday objects with bold artistic expression. It conveys both the simplicity and complexity of daily life, transforming an ordinary moment into a vibrant and engaging work of art. This work is oil on canvas and is signed and dated in the lower right. It is housed in its original gessoed frame and retains various labels and inscriptions on the reverse. Size: 28.25 inches tall by 36 inches wide (painting) 34 inches tall by 42 inches wide by 2 inches deep (frame) Provenance: Private collection, NY; Acquired from the above About the artist: Born in Highgate, north London, Katharine Church, known as ‘Kitty’ amongst friends and family, always wanted to paint. She trained at the Royal Academy of Arts between 1930-1933 and at the Slade between 1933 and 1934. In her early years Kitty exhibited regularly at the Royal Academy. Her first solo exhibition was in 1933 at the Wertheim Gallery. Other artists who exhibited there included Christopher Wood, Victor Pasmore and Cedric Morris. Kitty also showed with the New English Art Club, the London Group and between 1937-1947 her work was exhibited at the influential Lefevre Gallery, which supported avant-garde artists such as Henry Moore, Ben Nicholson and Barbara Hepworth. In 1954 the artist was invited to take part in the Figures in their setting exhibition held at the Tate Gallery. Henry Tonks and Philip Wilson Steer had a strong influence on Kitty’s early work, but it was her friendship with Ivon Hitchens that liberated her painting technique. In 1936 Kitty married Anthony West, the son of writers Rebecca West and H.G. Wells. The couple initially lived in London before moving to Quarry Farm, Chicksgrove, Tisbury, near Salisbury, where they brought up their children Caroline and Edmund. There they hosted many of their friends, including the New Zealand painter Frances Hodgkins. Other regular visitors before the War included John and Mywafany Piper, Ralph and Frances Partridge, Noel and Catharine Carrington, Julian Trevelyan and Mary Fedden. For many of those who visited Kitty would organise painting expeditions. After the war Kitty and Anthony separated, with Anthony moving to the United States. Anthony West moved to the United States to work as a journalist for The New Yorker. In the early years after their parting Kitty visited most years with the children. In the 1960s Kitty purchased Sutton House and ran the Hambledon Gallery at Blandford Forum. There she promoted the work of her early art-school friends Mary Fedden and Julian Trevelyan, alongside work by the Pipers, John Craxton...

Antique American modernist signed monkey drawing by Aurion M. Proctor (1909 - 1983). Drawing and charcoal on paper. Signed. Framed.

Small Farm in the South of France by French Artist, Ely Laumonier (1895-1960) Art measures 24 x 18 inches Frame measures 28 x 22 inches (approx.) Antique Original Signed, Oil on ...

An atmospheric, tonal farm scene by artist Joseph Lane. Image size: 25" x 30". Framed size: 29" x 34". Joseph Lane was born in Austin, Texas in 1900. ...

Sailboats, Ocean, France , grey, blue, azure,landscape France Henry Maurice CAHOURS (Paris, 1889 – Vence, 1974) He was born in Paris but spent his childhood and adolescence in Amie...

Serene winter landscape of a snow covered hills with a frozen creek and far off house in the distance by Frederick Wagner (American, 1864-1940), c.1930's. Signed "F. W." lower right....

'Corsican Chestnut Trees', oil on canvas, by Charles Kvapil (1933). The artist, Kvapil, has many artworks which depict scenes in nature such as this one....

Brooklyn Bridge NYC American Scene Social Realism Mid 20th Century Modern WPA Cecil C. Bell (American, 1906-1970) Brookyn Bridge amid the NYC Waterfront 35 ½ x 23 ½ inches Oil on Bo...

Landscape, c. 1930-40s, oil on panel, signed lower right, 16 x 20 inches Jeanette Maxfield Lewis was a California-based landscape painter and etcher. Born in Oakland, she spent much...