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Style: Revival
French 19th Century Neo Gothic Marble finial
Located in Buisson, FR
Wonderful small architectural fragment.
White marble finial in Gothic style.
France circa 1850. weathered.
Measurements include the wooden base.
Category
19th Century French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Marble
$473 Sale Price
31% Off
19th Century Italian Hand Carved Giltwood Gothic Style Ornament/ Fragment
Located in Buisson, FR
Beautiful handcarved giltwood gothic style ornament that once adorned a chapel or a church.
Italy, circa 1850. Weathered and small losses. Measurement includes the wooden base.
H:31,...
Category
19th Century Italian Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Wood
$269 Sale Price
52% Off
Impressive Antique Hand Carved Oak Gothic Revival Door Complete with Wall Frame
Located in Lisse, NL
Stunning Gothic architectural door with strong iron hardware in original frame.
This striking and all hand carved door was originally probably part of a church or monastery and the ...
Category
19th Century European Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Iron
Antique Red Languedoc Marble Fireplace Surround For Grand Interior Decor
Located in Beervelde, BE
This Rouge Languedoc marble fireplace embodies the Renaissance Revival style with its intricate detailing and craftsmanship.
The deep red marble, accented with striking white veining...
Category
19th Century Belgian Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Marble
Antique French Louis XVI Style Gilt Bronze Firescreen
Located in New York, NY
Antique (late 19th century to early 20th century) gilt bronze firescreen in the Louis XVI style, 30.5 inches wide, 31.25 in tall and 9 in deep, distinguished by its finely modeled an...
Category
19th Century French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Bronze
19th-Century Continental Neoclassic Faience Stove from the Iris Apfel Collection
Located in Morristown, NJ
France or Italy, 19th Century, tin-glazed terracotta, in three stacked sections with domed wooden cap, featuring raised foliate scrollwork, floral garlands, and Rococo-inspired carto...
Category
19th Century Italian Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Brass
Diminutive Antique Wrought Iron Garden Bench
Located in New York, NY
Nice antique garden bench having a wrought iron frame with repeating continuous metal straps which form the seat and back.
This example is in very good, original, clean and ready t...
Category
Early 20th Century Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Wrought Iron
French Empire Revival Wall Light Sconces in Opaline and Chrome, circa 1970
Located in Trensacq, FR
Beautiful pair of Empire-style sconces, France circa 1970. Stylish, French wall lights in chrome and glossy white opaline glass, a sophisticated modern take on a timeless classic des...
Category
Mid-20th Century French Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Chrome
$655 Sale Price / set
45% Off
Antique French Fireplace Mantel Surround Renaissance Revival Carved Oak 19thC
Located in Tyler, TX
SUPERB Antique French Fireplace Mantel Surround ~~Renaissance Revival~~HIGHLY CARVED OAK~~c. 1880s
This HANDSOME statement piece will add charm and character to your home or castle~...
Category
Late 19th Century French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Oak
19th Century Portor Marble Fireplace Mantel With Lion Paws - Rare Luxury
Located in Beervelde, BE
This rare 19th century period, antique, French fireplace surround is masterfully carved from Portor marble, one of the world’s most exclusive and dramatic stones, celebrated for its ...
Category
Early 19th Century French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Marble
Gothic Revival Cast Iron Gate with Both Side Railings and Geometric Decoration
Located in London, GB
George Smith and Co. The Sun Foundry, Glasgow, attributed. A Gothic Revival cast iron gate with both side railings in the style of Dr C Dresser with all-over Geometric decoration. Re...
Category
Late 19th Century English Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Iron
Exquisite Antique White Marble Fireplace Mantel
Located in Haarlem, Noord-Holland
Elevate your interior with this magnificent 19th-century Dutch Rococo / Louis XV fireplace mantel, masterfully carved from luxuriously rich white marble. This exceptional piece showc...
Category
Early 19th Century Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Marble, Breccia Marble
Spanish Gothic Revival fireplace tool set wrought iron dragon 1920 hand forged
Located in Ijzendijke, NL
An exceptional five-piece fireplace tools set with stand, handcrafted in Spain from wrought iron during the late Art Nouveau period (circa 1920s–1930s). This sculptural ensemble feat...
Category
1920s Spanish Vintage Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Wrought Iron
Greek Revival Style Bronze Marble Pedestal
Located in Guaynabo, PR
This is a Greek Revival Bronze Marble Pedestal. It depicts a Doric red marble column decorated with a patinated bronze wide band adorned with an egg and dart pattern at the upper par...
Category
20th Century Unknown Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Marble, Bronze
Monumental Italian Hand Crafted Wrought Iron Plant Stand and Copper Pot
Located in Milan, IT
Monumental 19th Century Italian Hand Crafted Wrought Iron Plant Stand and Copper Pot
Beautifully Crafted.
Category
Late 19th Century Italian Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Wrought Iron, Copper
Gothic Revival Oak Fireplace Mantel with Carved Church Window Panels
Guards
Located in Lisse, NL
Wonderful Gothic Revival fire-place mantle surround with an amazing presence and patina.
If you like Gothic Revival furniture then we are certain you will like this quality made and quality carved, antique Gothic mantle...
Category
Early 20th Century European Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Wood, Oak
Spanish Albaster Large Urn Jar Table Lamp, 1940
Located in Barcelona, ES
Neoclassical Urn Jar Carved Albaster Lamp with Fish Single Handle
Spanish Neoclassical Albaster Urn Jar Table Lamp, 1930s-1940s
Rare find.
This unique urn table lamps features Jar de...
Category
20th Century Spanish Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Alabaster, Brass
Monumental Neo-Renaissance Fireplace Mantel, 19th Century, Holland
Located in Haarlem, Noord-Holland
Large Dutch neo-Renaissance antique fireplace, very impressive and grande.
Marble jambs made from beautiful black and green "vert de Patricia".
Oak frieze with paneling and superb ca...
Category
19th Century Dutch Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Marble
Pair English Coalbrookdale Style Iron Gothic Garden Benches
Located in Rio Vista, CA
English Coalbrookdale foundry attributed cast iron garden benches. Made in the Gothic Revival English taste featuring Gothic tracery backrest centered by quatrefoil designs. The grac...
Category
20th Century English Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Iron
Antique Late 19th C Cast Iron 3 Piece Garden Set Bench a Chair and a Table Chair
Located in Port Jervis, NY
Fabulous 3 piece set of Cast Iron garden seating with table. A bench a chair and a converted bench minus it's back that can be used as a table. All three in outstanding antique condition with no visible damage or missing pieces. Very ornate with a grape leaf and vine pattern. Not a repro, these are the real...
Category
Early 1900s American Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Iron, Zinc
Large Concrete Seated Lion
Cub Statue on Plinth Garden Entry Doorway 50"
Located in Dayton, OH
A large stone lion and cub statue over Grecian plinth base. The lion and cub are facing slightly right with open mouths. A nice detailed example for your garden or entry. Will req...
Category
20th Century Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Concrete
$4,116 Sale Price
30% Off
Antique Gothic Revival Gilt Bronze Dragon Andirons or Firedogs / Fireplace Tools
Located in Lisse, NL
Imagine these in your fireplace with the flames burning on all sides.
These beautifully and all handcrafted, large and fire-gilt bronze andirons are made to stand in your fireplace ...
Category
Late 19th Century French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Bronze, Wrought Iron, Iron
Antique English 4-Post Barley Twist Pedestal Plant Stand Jacobean Oak 39.5" Tall
Located in Tyler, TX
CHARMING Antique English Barley Twist Pedestal or Plant Stand~~39.5" Tall~~c. 1920s-1930s
Beautiful 4-post barley twist pedestal, plant stand, or display table with lower tier~~use ...
Category
1930s French Vintage Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Oak
2 Rare Antique 19th C. Neo Renaissance Figural Leaded Stained Glass Windows 52"
Located in Dayton, OH
An impressive Pair of stained glass windows of the highest quality, painted with grisaille and enamels on cathedral glass, circa 19th century. Representing two Renaissance Halberdier...
Category
19th Century Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Stained Glass
$9,100 Sale Price / set
30% Off
Pair of English Gothic Architectural Giltwood Mirrors ~9 feet tall
Located in Hanover, MA
Truly extraordinary pair of English 19th century Gothic Revival architectural mirrors, nearly 9 feet tall.
In the manner of Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (aka God's Architect).
I bought these for myself to use in my London flat...
Category
19th Century British Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Gesso, Wood, Mirror
Neo-Gothic Flemish hand carved panel in solid oak, ca. 1850
Located in Meulebeke, BE
Belgium / 1850 / panel / oak / Neo-Gothic / Antique
Highly decorative 19th century Flemish panel with hand carved Neo-Gothic decorations in oak. The panel consist of four rectangle ...
Category
19th Century Belgian Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Oak
Neo-Gothic Oak Church Spire - Antique Architectural Sculpture
Located in Chicago, IL
Carved wooden Gothic spire, likely an architectural fragment from an ecclesiastical context. Rising from a square base, the structure tapers vertically into a slender spire, emphasiz...
Category
Early 20th Century American Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Oak, Paint
Pair of Greek Revival Cast Iron Lintels
Located in Baltimore, MD
This handsome pair of Greek Revival cast iron lintels with anthemion motif were rescued from a mansion in Mount Vernon, Baltimore.
Category
Mid-19th Century American Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Iron
$595 / item
Pair of Coalbrookdale Serpent and Grape Pattern Iron Garden Benches
Located in Rio Vista, CA
Spectacular pair of English cast iron garden benches having a "serpent and grape" pattern by Coalbrookdale Foundry. The benches have a rare iron slatted seat and backrest. The end supports feature a snake curled around the legs eating a grape cluster. The gracefully curved arms end with dogs head terminals. The patinated iron has a painted finish. Excellent joinery and craftsmanship from a historic foundry. Also known as "dog and serpent...
Category
19th Century English Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Iron
Italian Wrought Iron Dragon Andirons, 1920s
Located in Milan, IT
Italian wrought iron Dragon Andirons, 1920s
Beautiful Hand Craftmanship.
Category
1920s Italian Vintage Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Wrought Iron
$2,996 / set
Pair of antique wood carved Gothic Revival architectural Columns
Located in Leesburg, VA
Pair of antique wood carved Gothic Revival architectural Columns
Anonymous
19th century; Belgium or Netherlands
Wood
Approximate size: 41.75 (h) x 11.75 (w) x 11.75 (d) in.
An exceptional pair of tall and intricate hand carved vintage wooden 19th century church columns...
Category
Late 19th Century Belgian Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Wood
Pair of Massive French Wrought Iron Sconces with Frosted Flame Globes
Located in Riverdale, NY
Massive French wrought iron sconces with frosted flame globes suitable for interior or exterior use from the 1930's. From an important, massive estate in...
Category
1930s French Vintage Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Wrought Iron
Gothic Revival Fireplace with its Hood and Carved Salamander, Witch and Ermine
Located in Beuzevillette, FR
Exceptional oak neo-Gothic fireplace and hood. The uprights sides of the fireplace are composed of two columns with capitals foliage patterns, all surmounted by a reserve on which is carved an ermine (heraldic symbol). The lintot of the hearth features a mascaron representing a witch's face carved in high relief with on each side a pattern of parchments. The sculpture on the panelled hood represents a salamander. The salamander is a mythical animal capable of living in fire and extinguishing it. It is a symbol used especially in alchemy and heraldry, it is also the emblem of the King of France François 1er...
Category
Late 19th Century French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Oak
$21,093 Sale Price
34% Off
Pair of Ormolu Capitals in Neoclassical Style
Located in Madrid, ES
A pair of capitals that were part of some columns, in ormolu bronze, with a neoclassical decoration of Corinthian order.
Category
Late 19th Century French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Ormolu
$1,018 / set
Pair of Albaster Large Urn Jar Table Lamps, Spain, 1940s
Located in Barcelona, ES
Neoclassical Urn Jar Albaster Table Lamps with Fish Handles, Pair
Two Spanish Neoclassical Albaster Urn Jar Table Lamps, 1930s-1940s
These unique Urn table lamps feature Jar design, ...
Category
20th Century Spanish Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Alabaster, Brass
Green Antique Marble Bolection Fireplace Mantel - Architectural Design Element
Located in Beervelde, BE
This authentic 19th century bolection style fireplace surround, crafted from green antique marble, is a refined architectural statement that embodies timeless elegance and understate...
Category
19th Century French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Marble
Neoclassical Alabaster Urn Lamp on Solomonic Pedestal Column
Located in Barcelona, ES
Carved Alabaster Floor Lamp.
Outstanding Neoclassical carved alabaster urn lamp with handles on column pedestal stand, Spain, 1930s-1940s
T...
Category
Early 20th Century Spanish Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Alabaster
French 19th Century Grand Salon Original Marble Fireplace Surround
Located in Beervelde, BE
This Museum quality original antique fireplace mantle in Rouge Griotte marble was installed in Grand interior in Paris. It is a Regency Rococo style from the 19th century. The front ...
Category
19th Century French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Griotte Marble
19th Century Italian Renaissance Revival Carved Jardiniere Stand
Located in Forney, TX
A magnificent antique, circa 1880, Italian Renaissance Revival style jardinière with warm, rustic beautifully aged patina! (plant stand - indoor planter - conservatory or solarium garden box - flower display)
Born in Italy in the late 19th century, most likely originating in the Veneto region of Northern Italy (Venetian), exquisitely hand-crafted in medieval Italian Renaissance style / Henry II taste, having a removable metal interior liner with handles, resting in the well-made rectangular case with stepped molded edge, over paneled frieze adorned in intricate hand carved plaquette and foliate scrolled rinceaux relief ornamentation, rising on urn-form turned column supports, atop large platform shelf base with conforming stepped molded edge
further raised on bun feet with primitive inset casters.
Dimensions: (approx)
22" High, 40" Wide, 17.5" Deep
A wonderful example of functional art.
In good original antique condition, it's srong, sturdy and structurally sound with rich patina over the whole. Substantial wear consistent with age and indicative of use. Nothing that detracts from the aesthetics or functionality but only adds to the sophisticated character, European old world charm, elegant warmth and rich historical depth that can only be acquired over long periods of time.
Presents well, retaining original antique character marks throughout. Distressed, worn, faded finish, with evidence of old water damages, age related splitting in the form of crack to one decorative panel, and scattered minor losses. Partial seized casters. Heavily oxidized patinated metal basin...
Category
19th Century Italian Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Metal
Cherub Holding a Dolphin Pompeii Bronze Fountain
Located in Bradenton, FL
Late 19th Century Bronze Fountain of a Cherub Holding a Dolphin. The subject of a cherub and dolphin is a classical motif, symbolizing love and the sea. This finely cast piece captur...
Category
19th Century Italian Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Bronze
19th Century Wrought and Cast Iron Illuminated Neo-Gothic Overdoor
Located in Hastings, GB
One of the most outstanding pieces of ironwork we have ever seen, truly a one off spectacular mid-19th century iron overdoor, sourced from a Scottish estate this bespoke overdoor exp...
Category
Mid-19th Century Scottish Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Wrought Iron
A French Empire Egyptian Revival Marble and Ormolu Fireplace Mantel
Located in London, GB
A large and very well decorated French Empire Egyptian Revival fireplace surround, in well configured Antico Verde Marble with exceptional quality Ormolu mounts. The Jambs with taper...
Category
1820s French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Marble, Ormolu
Heavy Italian Granite Carved Stone Outdoor Picnic Dining Table
Benches 50"
Located in Dayton, OH
Classical Italian Revival Sculpted Granite Picnic Patio Table & Benches. Features acanthus carved edges and scrolled supports. Great for use in the garden or on your porch. Breaks...
Category
20th Century Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Granite
$2,940 Sale Price / set
30% Off
A Fine Antique Stone Chimneypiece
Located in London, GB
A fine Antique stone chimneypiece of architectural form, with plinthed tapered column-jambs supporting finely carved lion-fronted scrolled corbels. ...
Category
Mid-19th Century English Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Stone
Magnificent Antique Limestone Mantel
Located in Tyrone, Northern Ireland
Each jamb of the fireplace has a brown bear standing on a plinth holding a heraldic shield. Above the bears are carved capitals supporting a substantial breakfront cornice shelf. The...
Category
Mid-19th Century English Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Limestone
AWN Pugin Gothic Revival Oak, Leaded
Painted Glass Three-Fold Fire Screen
Located in London, GB
A super quality Gothic Revival oak, leaded and painted high fired glass three-fold fire screen, in the style of AWN Pugin, with roundel and mistletoe decorat...
Category
1860s English Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Stained Glass, Oak
A large pair of bronze decorative classical urns with Lions heads and cherubs
Located in Dallas, TX
A large impressive pair of Italian bronze outdoor urns . Lions heads on the sides with winged cherubs on top.
Category
Late 19th Century Italian Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Bronze
19th Century Gothic Double-Sided Solid Pine Exterior Door
Located in Dallas, TX
19th century Gothic double-sided solid pine exterior door was crafted from solid pine which has been fully stripped and ready for staining or painting to complement your project! The...
Category
Late 19th Century French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Pine
Large Cast Iron Urn, Garden Planter
Located in Godshill, Isle of Wight
Large cast iron urn, garden planter
This is a superb large garden urn on a plinth, the urn is in cast iron with a classical flower pattern and i...
Category
Early 20th Century Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Iron
Pair of English Coalbrookdale Style Gothic Garden Armchairs
Located in Rio Vista, CA
Rare pair of opulent English Gothic revival style garden armchairs made in the manner of Coalbrookdale Foundry. The frames are heavy and solid featuring gothic tracery and quatrefoil...
Category
20th Century English Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Metal
21st Century Scoplito Marble Bath
Located in Cranbrook, Kent
Large neoclassical style bath made in Scoplito marble,
these designs have not changed since Roman or Greek times with these superb simple lines and excellent proportions.
Dimensions...
Category
21st Century and Contemporary Italian Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Statuary Marble
$15,969 Sale Price
27% Off
19th Century Large French Cast Iron Jardiniere
Located in High Point, NC
Large scale jardiniere, dating to circa 1890-1900. This jardiniere is of decorative cast iron construction. These were historically overpainted, but this one is without paint which...
Category
1880s French Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Iron
An Italian Rococo Revival Statuary White Marble Fireplace Mantel
Located in London, GB
A mid 19th century Rococo revival chimney piece executed in superior Statuary white marble and profusely carved in high and low relief. The cantered jambs with large scrolled and bea...
Category
Mid-19th Century Italian Antique Revival Building and Garden Elements
Materials
Statuary Marble
Selection of eight restored 19th C Neo-Gothic Stained-Glass Windows
Located in Leuven , BE
The Color Experience: Stained-glass windows
“Color is a power which directly influences the soul” (Wassili Kandinsky, Moskou 1866 – Neuilly-sur-Seine, 1944)
“Color! What a deep and mysterious language, the language of dreams!” (« La couleur ! Quelle langue profonde et mystérieuse, le langage des rêves », Paul Gauguin, Paris, 1848-Fatu-Hiva, 1903)
‘Color and feeling’, ‘color and meaning’, these are concepts that have gone together since time immemorial. Artists and craftsmen have a special bond with color. After all, it is a means of expression that can have a real reinforcing effect. Especially linking color with light offers unlimited possibilities. Glaziers and glass painters have tried to master both these ‘instruments’ for centuries.
The set of beautifully restored neo-Gothic windows in our collection are enough reason for us to let these works of art figure in a broader story. As a bonus, we would like to introduce you to the contemporary stained-glass artist and stained-glass restorer, Daniël Theys. whose workshop is in Sint-Pieters-Rode (Belgium). He talked to us about the materials and techniques he used for the restoration of our set of neo-Gothic stained-glass windows. A fascinating look at the tricks of the trade from a specialist!
A bird’s eye view of the history of the European stained-glass window.
Although the Romans already used translucent glass plates to cover wall openings, the stained-glass window reached its peak in Europe between 1150 and 1500. A period also known as the era of the cathedrals. At that time, stained-glass windows became more than just a way to let in the light, and to keep the space closed off. From now on, their functionality was also found in their didactic value. The biblical and saints’ stories that adorned the stained-glass windows became a kind of poor man’s bible. They brought, as it were, the knowledge of the holy scriptures in an understandable, pictorial way. At the same time, the colored light provided additional symbolism. The invading light was interpreted as a manifestation of God. It is also no coincidence that the main altar was bathed in light. It was the place where the most important sacrament was celebrated, that of the Eucharist. How were these magical colors obtained? Well, during the 12th and 13th centuries, metal oxides gave color to the glass. Copper, for example, produced different colors in the various stages of oxidation. The metal could color the glass light blue, green and even red. It should be noted that from the 13th century onwards, clear glass, which was cheaper and at the same time allowed more light into the buildings, was used more often. A century later, in the years 1400 to 1500, glass painters frequently painted onto the glass with a ‘stain’ of silver chloride or sulfide. The painted piece of glass was heat-treated in a furnace. The heating process ensured that the silver ions migrated into the glass and became suspended within the glass network. The stain gave colors ranging from a pale yellow to a rather deep red. This new technique allowed glaziers to get more than one color on a single glass fragment. The shades produced by painting in silver chloride were well suited for depicting golden crowns, scepters and other gilded objects and ornaments. But the most important advantage of the technique was the fact that the glass painter could now make transitions from yellow tones to white without having to apply separations with lead strips! This also improved the legibility of the pictured scene.
You can imagine that the labor-intensive process of the production of stained-glass windows was a very costly affair and therefore it was often patrons who donated them to a church or a chapel. The benefactors were usually eager to propagate their social status and were moved by concern for their salvation.
In the 16th century, stained-glass windows also began to appear in secular buildings such as town halls, the homes of the wealthy and commercial premises such as inns. It is striking that during this period the use of lead strips that border many parts of the image was further reduced in favor of real painting on stained glass. This was due to an increasing love of detail. For example, one wanted realistically painted portrait heads. Working with enamel paints was cumbersome. Each newly applied color had to be burned into the glass before another color or overpainting could be applied. It was not only the coloring of the glass that was complicated, the process of obtaining flat glass plates required many steps as well. The glazier blew a glass bulb with a blowpipe and then cut it open. Finally, each half of the sphere was turned around so fast that it became a disc. In later periods, the glazier blew out his glass bulb into a cylinder. Once the cylinder had cooled, its closed ends were removed, and the long sides were cut open. The pieces of glass obtained were then heated and flattened. During the 16th century, there was a division of labor between the stained-glass designer, the glazier, and the glass painter. It happened as well that the stained-glass artist used prints as models for his stained-glass windows. Whoever drew the design, the glazier always needed a model on the right scale, the so-called cartoon. On the cartoon, the lead strips were clearly marked, and the use of colors was indicated. Contracts at the time show that the price of stained-glass windows was calculated per square foot. The price per square foot included the labor and material costs. The price of the cartoon was not included.
In the 17th century, the work of glass painters remained important. At the same time, there was a growing popularity of stained-glass windows with heraldic themes. In the Low Countries there were several high-quality glass painters active.
During the 18th century, glass painting went downhill in our regions. The French occupation of the Southern Netherlands resulted in the destruction and sale of religious stained-glass windows.
It was only around the middle of the 19th century that the young Belgian state experienced a revival of stained glass. The renewed interest in the Middle Ages, the so-called ‘gothic revival’, caused a wave of restoration of old stained-glass windows of churches and orders for neo-gothic stained-glass windows. The Sint-Lucas art schools in Belgium played an important role in this. Industrial developments in the glass and steel industries naturally had an important hand in the popularity of stained-glass windows. Stained-glass had a wide range of uses; think of stained glasses in winter gardens, domes, windows, and doors of large mansions. Significant glazier’ studios arose in several larger Belgian cities. In Brussels, for example, you had the workshops of Capronnier and Colpaert, in Bruges the studios of Coucke and Dobbelaere, in Ghent the companies of Ganton-Defoin or Ladon. During the 19th century, glaziers followed the style developments in the visual arts. For example, the number of windows in Art Nouveau and Art Deco style is large. The restored stained-glass windows with male and female saints that we offer for sale, come from a building in Laeken, near Brussels. They probably decorated the space of a church, chapel, convent, or Catholic school. In the results of the interview with glass restorer Daniël Theys, you will learn more about the particularities of these splendid windows.
Chatting and browsing in the workshop of Daniël Theys
The Belgian Glass restorer and glass blower, Daniël Theys (), made a career switch at a later age and has been active in the profession since 1987. He is an important player in the field of stained-glass window art in Belgium. Moreover, he is the only one in the country who still masters the technique of glass etching. Daniël Theys receives many commissions from small parish churches to restore old stained-glass windows to their former glory. He made a name for himself in that niche and that is how Spectandum brought the set of 19th century stained glass windows to his workshop for reconstruction. They were delivered in old numbered wooden crates and Daniel had to start puzzling.
Numbered wooden crates with sections of the stained-glass windows
Normally a glazier starts working from a drawing with a scale of 1:1 (full size drawing), but in this case each piece had to be cataloged and photographed. The smaller pieces were grouped on the light box and photographed in their entirety. Then Daniël made a drawing of the remaining pieces that he had puzzled together with great care.
Smaller pieces identified and grouped on the light box
The restauration guidelines of the Agency for Monuments and Landscapes are not always the same as those of a restorer. For this reconstruction, Daniël primarily considered the purpose of the stained-glass windows. It had to be an aesthetic and salable set of stained-glass windows, so the choice of filling the gaps with neutral glass or epoxy was not really an option. Theys left well-executed previous restorations untouched. The windows may have been repaired three or four times in the past.
Piece of a cloak with glass shards from different periods (restorations)
Another problem Daniel faced during the restoration was the fact that some small parts of the old grisaille had been eaten away by microorganisms. The defect – caused by moisture – can be seen from the discoloration of the grisaille. The black-brown color is turned red.
This fragment shows well how the brown grisaille has turned red due to the attack of micro-organisms
The stained-glass windows of the 19th century are made of ‘in the mass-colored’ glass. This means that the colors were added to the liquid glass during its production process. This type of glass differs from glass colored with enamel paint, which became popular from the interwar period. The latter process involves applying enamel paint (this is a glass powder with a metal oxide to which a medium has been added) to the colorless glass. When firing the glass with the enamel paint, the powder fuses with the glass. The colors of email painted glass are less intense and less brilliant than those of ‘in the mass-colored glass’.
Jars with colored powder for the enamel paints
For the restoration Daniël only worked with mouth-blown glass, both with ‘in the mass-colored glass’ and with ‘verre plaqué’. This is blown glass composed of several layers of different shades. Over the years, Theys built up a large stock of old blown glass. Colored blown glass always has sliding shades. For example, a red piece of glass can have a color transition from bright red to light orange. These differences in shades are the result of the different thicknesses of the piece of glass. It allows the glazier to use a wide variety of shades.
The purple-red foliage with light blue accents was obtained by etching away parts of a piece ‘verre plaqué’. A small part of the lower glass layer is exposed.
The windows were completely re-leaded by the restorer because there was virtually no ‘lead net’ preserved. In general, lead strips only have a limited lifespan because of oxidation processes. Daniël removed the old lead remnants and placed new lead profiles. Then he applied putty between the glass fragments and the lead strips to seal the lead. A window must be made watertight. The current condition of the windows is excellent.
Decorative glass part with original lead remnants
New lead strip
The set of stained-glass windows we present today, originally consisted of windows of 5 to 6 m high. After all, they originally adorned a neo-gothic church. Since the original dimensions are not suitable for private buildings, it was decided to only restore the figurative representation.
The original spire of one of the windows
Thanks to a suspension eye, the window can be hung. There is also the possibility to place the window in an upright position.
Thanks to the craftsmanship of the Theys-Studio, we can once again enjoy the brilliance of color!
Looking for the missing link
The set of 19th-century stained-glass windows came into the possession of Spectandum without a clear provenance. The renowned Leuven antiques dealer, Cornelius Engelen, recalls that the windows came from a church in Laeken. There is no solid starting point for a search for the provenance. Based on the style of the stained-glass windows – most probably the late 19th century -, their religious iconography, and their original shape (pointed arch windows) and dimensions (5 to 6 cm high), we can assume that they were once displayed in a (neo-)gothic cult building. On the one hand, the stained-glass windows may have been removed after storm damage or other calamities, on the other they may have been taken away during a renovation or a demolition of a church. The Church of Our Lady in Laeken is the most famous church building in that municipality that could qualify. In the early 1920s, the central windows of the transept were badly damaged by a hurricane. Today, glass fragments of these windows (dating from 1893-1894) with the names of the sixteen missing saints and an arch infill of the western window are officially known. It would be interesting to find out if our set of eight saints once were part of the transept of Our Lady in Laeken. Research in the records of the church administrators could provide clarification. Knowing that most neo-gothic stained-glass windows from the Church of Our Lady come from the Jules Dobbelaere’s glass studio in Bruges, it is useful to consult that company’s archive as well. It is kept in the KADOC (Documentation and research center for religion, culture and; in Leuven. Of course, the sizes and shape of the stone window openings of the transept can also provide an indication. If we stylistically compare the grisailles of the set of stained-glass windows with the work of Jules Dobbelaere, we do see some relationship. Especially with a stained-glass window in the chapel of Our Lady of the Saint Anthony Church in Aalst.
Another line of research that we could follow, is that of the iconography of the series. One of the saints depicted is Saint Roch. There once was a Saint-Roch church in Laeken with 19th-century stained-glass windows from the Brussels studio of Jean-Baptiste Capronnier. The company archive of the glaziers François and Jean-Baptiste Capronnier is owned by the Flemish government and can be consulted in the above-mentioned KADOC. We already searched the sales catalog of 1892, in which Capronnier’s drawings and cartoons are described one by one. The saints that are represented in our set of windows, does not correspond with the names of the saints mentioned for the church of St. Roch in Laeken. Building on this argument, it can be concluded that the eight saints were not destined for this house of worship.
In the absence of lavishly illustrated monographs on the various glazier-companies in Belgium, the execution of a comparative study of the stained-glass windows is time-consuming and complex. Although a limited number of old photos of stained-glass windows can still be found in the database ‘Balat’ of the KIK-IRPA (), this remains far too limited to get a good picture of the output of the various companies.
19th C, Saint, Neo-Gothic Stained-Glass Window with Saint Martin, Belgium, 163 x 73 cm
Most people know Saint Martin (Szombathely, ca. 316 – Candes, 397) as the Roman Tribune who cut his cloak in two with his sword and gave one half to a beggar. The artist of the stained-glass window has opted for a different, less common iconographic representation here. Saint Martin is presented as a bishop with a miter and staff. According to a legend, Martin was lured to the city of Tours with a trick to consecrate him as a bishop. He refused the ecclesiastical office and hid in a barn with some geese. The birds betrayed him with their twittering. In the end Martin received his episcopal consecration. The goose at the feet of the saint clearly refers to this event.
19th C, Saint, Neo-Gothic Stained-Glass Window with St. Angela, Belgium, 163 x 73 cm
Angela de Merici was an Italian woman who taught young women religion, health care, and household skills. She founded the monastic community of the Ursulines. They played an important social role as founders of schools and orphanages. Saint Angela died in Brescia in 1540. It should therefore come as no surprise that the saint on the stained-glass-window is depicted with
a girl by her side.
19th C, Saint, Neo-Gothic Stained-Glass Window with Charles Borromeo, Belgium, 163 x 73 cm
Charles Borromeo (Milan, 1538-1584) grew up in a noble family. He was already made Cardinal and Archbishop of Milan at the age of 24. With his writings he contributed to the implementation of the Church reforms determined at the Council of Trent. Among other things, he released a new catechism. With his book on the design of church buildings, “Instructiones Fabriacae et Supellectilis Ecclesiasticae”, he left a mark on Baroque church construction. At the outbreak of the plague in his diocese in 1576, he devoted himself to the care of those affected. Hence, people sometimes pray to him when they have been hit by a serious illness.
19th C, Saint, Neo-Gothic Stained-Glass Window with St. Roch, Belgium, 163 x 73 cm
Saint Roch (Montpellier, 1295? /1350? -1327? /1380?) was born with a port-wine stain in the shape of a cross on his left hip. It was interpreted as a sign from God. After the dead of his parents, he gave his money to the poor and went on to live the life of pilgrim. He cared for plague sufferers and healed some of them by making a sign of the cross. He is especially invoked as protector against the plague.
19th C, Neo-Gothic Stained-Glass Window with St. Bernard of Clairvaux, Belgium, 163 x 73 cm
Bernard of Clairvaux (Fontaines, 1090-Clairvaux, 1153) decided to become a monk at the age of 21. In 1112 he entered in the monastery of Cîtaux. He was soon commissioned by the abbot to find a new monastery in Clairvaux. Because of his intellectual capacities and eloquence, he was consulted by various ecclesiastical and secular leaders. He ensured the expansion of the Cistercian order throughout Europe. As a Doctor of the Church, he wrote many tracts and sermons and established a new rule for the Templars. Above all, he was concerned with the discipline of the clergy. Therefore, he wrote a spiritual manual for the priests and bishops. Saint Bernard can be seen as a true mystic. He envisioned the union of the human soul with God as the most important goal in life. According to a legend, Bernard once had a vision in which the Blessed Virgin appeared to him and strengthened him with her mother’s milk. In the arts, the saint is mainly depicted with an abbot’s staff and a book with the Cistercian rule. His vision was also often portrayed.
19th C, Neo-Gothic Stained-Glass Window with St. John Berchmans, Belgium, 163 x 73 cm
The Belgian Jan Berchmans (Diest, 1599-Rome, 1621) was the eldest of five children. When his mother became seriously ill, he initially took care of her, but at the age of nine he was housed with the town’s priest. After a few years he moved to Mechelen to become the servant of a canon. It also gave him the opportunity to begin his studies in the seminary for priests. He eventually joined the Jesuits of Mechelen. He got their permission to study philosophy in Rome. In the Eternal City, he visited working-class neighbourhoods to teach the children about God. He died of an illness at the age of 22. Saint Jan Berchmans is the patron saint of school children and students.
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