Skip to main content

Asian Sculptures

to
447
2,807
847
378
678
576
1,553
1,225
362
468
334
32
10
31
11
21
67
69
75
56
26
180
167
156
64
56
10
7
6
4
4
3
2
2
2
2
1
1,479
1,353
989
545
501
2,490
662
226,364
26,831
8,086
7,631
7,628
Height
to
Width
to
4,032
3,701
3,851
77
73
26
26
25
Place of Origin: Asian
18-19th Century Bronze Naga Meditating Bronze Buddha Statue
Located in Kastrup, DK
Bronze Buddha depicted in meditation pose sheltered by a Naga (a seven-headed snake). I two parts. Naga's body coiled up to serve as a cushion for the Buddha with 7 pronged head prov...
Category

Mid-18th Century Other Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Bronze

12th Century Indian Carved White Marble Figure of a Jain Tirthankara or Jina
Located in Austin, TX
A well carved Indian white marble Jain temple relief fragment featuring an image of a Jina, circa 12th century, Rajasthan or Gujarat, India. The Tirthan...
Category

15th Century and Earlier Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Marble

Jewelry Ring Trinket Boxes Pair Cloisonné Swan Japanese Gift Love Valentine
Located in BUNGAY, SUFFOLK
- Once courtship is complete, male and female swans bond for life and this delightful pair of Japaneer cloisonné swans symbolize love and const...
Category

1890s Meiji Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Enamel

Antique Japanese Bronze Elephant Incense Censer, Gilt Finish, 1950
Located in West Hollywood, CA
This antique Japanese elephant-form incense censer is a finely crafted example of traditional metalwork infused with symbolic meaning. Cast in bronze and finished with remnants of go...
Category

Mid-20th Century Asian Sculptures

Materials

Iron

Large Wood Camel Sculpture Covered in Brass and Copper Raj India
Located in Moreno Valley, CA
Large heavy handcrafted vintage wooden camel figurine covered in brass and copper with an antique distressed look. 1950s vintage solid wood carved camel sculpture with copper and bra...
Category

Mid-20th Century Anglo Raj Asian Sculptures

Materials

Brass, Copper

20th Century Chinese Hardstone Flowering Tree in a Cloisonné Planter
Located in London, GB
20th century Chinese hardstone flowering tree in a cloisonné planter Chinese, 20th century Height 42cm, width 33cm, depth 31cm This exquisite 20th-century Chinese hardstone tree is ...
Category

20th Century Asian Sculptures

Materials

Agate, Rock Crystal

Collection of Chinese Blanc de Chine Foo Dogs, 17th-19th Century, China
Located in Austin, TX
An absolutely wonderful assembled group of Chinese Blanc de Chine white glazed porcelain Buddhistic lion (foo lion, foo dog) joss stick holders, Qing...
Category

Mid-19th Century Qing Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Porcelain

Early 20th-C. Chinese Warrior Terracotta Roof Tile Mounted On Lucite
Located in Kennesaw, GA
This is an antique Chinese warrior roof tile that has been mounted on lucite. The composition appears to be glazed terracotta. The piece coul...
Category

Early 20th Century Chinese Export Asian Sculptures

Materials

Terracotta, Lucite

Striking Carved Marble Bust of Quan Yin Figure on Custom Stand
Located in Hopewell, NJ
Beautiful bust carved in marble of an ethereal Quan Yin goddess figure with lovely peaceful expression. On black custom stand.
Category

20th Century Asian Sculptures

Materials

Marble

Vintage Fitz and Floyd Ceramic Staffordshire Hunting Dog Bookends
By Jonathan Adler, Lladro, Fitz and Floyd
Located in San Diego, CA
Fabulous pair of porcelain staffordshire hunting dog figures sitting on grass cushions with gold trim. Underneath the protective felt pad is a hole which the company purposely made s...
Category

1960s Chinoiserie Vintage Asian Sculptures

Materials

Ceramic

Beautiful Wooden Metal coated Tang-Style Horse, Vintage Asia, 1980s
Located in Nuernberg, DE
A beautiful decorative horse statue. Some wear with a nice patina, but this is old-age. Wooden horse coated with metal. Very decorative and nice to display ...
Category

1980s Folk Art Vintage Asian Sculptures

Materials

Metal

Himalayan Chlorite Quartz Cluster
Located in New York, NY
From the remote heights of the Himalayas comes this exceptional Chlorite-included Quartz Cluster, a naturally sculptural specimen that blends glassy clarity with earthy mineral textu...
Category

2010s Asian Sculptures

Materials

Quartz, Other

Burmese Bronze Seated Buddha Statue
Located in Sampantawong, TH
Burmese bronze seated Buddha. Age: Burma, Contemporary Size: Height 47 C.M. / Width 26.3 C.M. / Depth 13.5 C.M. Condition: Nice condition overall.
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Asian Sculptures

Materials

Bronze

Burmese Bronze Seated Buddha Statue
Burmese Bronze Seated Buddha Statue
$1,080 Sale Price
20% Off
Chinese Gray Lingbi Scholar Stone, Early 20th Century
Located in Austin, TX
A fantastic Chinese scholar's stone, called gongshi, of gray lingbi limestone, mounted on a hardwood stand, late Qing or early Republic, early 20th century, circa 1910, China . The ...
Category

Early 20th Century Qing Asian Sculptures

Materials

Limestone

Chinese Tessellated Bone T’ang Horse Sculpture
Located in San Diego, CA
Gorgeous Chinese tessellated bone T’ang horse sculpture circa 1950s. Modeled after an actual horse discovered during the "Tang Dynasty" period, 618-906 A.D., the sculpture is in very...
Category

Mid-20th Century Tang Asian Sculptures

Materials

Bone

Hollywood Regency Brass Nautilus Seashell Planter
Located in New York, NY
Medium size Hollywood Regency brass nautilus seashell planter. Hand polished.
Category

1970s Hollywood Regency Vintage Asian Sculptures

Materials

Brass

Set of Solid Teak Sugar Cane Crushers / Grinders from Java, Indonesia c. 1900
Located in Jimbaran, Bali
This set of rare antique sugar cane presses stand as a striking example of early agricultural craftsmanship, preserved in their true, unrestored form. Made from solid teakwood, they ...
Category

Early 1900s Other Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Wood, Teak

Antique Japanese Signed Imari Porcelain Figurine "Cat Riding a Turtle", Ca. 1890
Located in New York, NY
Antique Japanese Signed Imari Porcelain Figurine of a Cat Riding a Turtle, Ca. 1890 DIMENSIONS Length: 15 inches Width: 11 inches Height: 7 inches ABOUT...
Category

1890s Japonisme Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Ceramic

Indian Bronze Figure of Yoga Narasimha, 17th-18th Century
Located in Miami Beach, FL
This beautifully patinated bronze figure of Yoga Narasimha, the fourth incarnation of Vishnu as a man-lion is from Kashmir in North India. Nara means man and simha means lion. He is ...
Category

Early 18th Century Tribal Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Bronze

Fairy Mountain Crystal Sculpture with Brass Decor by Gordon Gu
Located in hong kong, HK
This piece draws inspiration from "Scenic Pavilion in the Land of Immortals," a Southern Song Dynasty artwork by Zhao Boju. The copper-melting technique used in crafting the bottle i...
Category

2010s Asian Sculptures

Materials

Crystal, Brass

Niall Large Sculpture 2163 - Antique Aluminum Nail
Located in London, GB
Bring an industrial edge to your décor with this distinctive sculptural accent, inspired by the bold, oversized hardware used in bridge construction. Artful and interactive, the design features a large-scale nail crafted from iron with an elegant antique aluminum...
Category

2010s Asian Sculptures

Materials

Iron, Aluminum

Burmese Tribal Markers Wooden Sculpture
Located in New York, NY
Two Burmese chin state tribal markers. Tribal Territory markers collected within the chin state Burma (Myanmar). Each piece is primitively carved with a face and a collection of item...
Category

Late 19th Century Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Hardwood

Burmese Tribal Markers Wooden Sculpture
Burmese Tribal Markers Wooden Sculpture
$3,600 Sale Price / set
25% Off
Early 20th Century Hand-Carved Palm Screen
Located in Hilversum, NL
This exquisite early 20th century hand-carved screen is sculpted from a 200-year-old Sumatra palm trunk, showcasing the rich natural beauty and craftsmanship of the period. The scree...
Category

Early 20th Century Arts and Crafts Asian Sculptures

Materials

Palmwood, Reclaimed Wood

Ethnic Design-Double Figurated hardwood Gong handle, Ifugao People, Philippines.
Located in Leuven , BE
A wooden gong handle featuring two figures positioned back-to-back. The piece has a smooth patina with a dark, mahogany-like finish. Most of these figures ...
Category

20th Century Asian Sculptures

Materials

Wood

Large Chinese Porcelain Blanc De Chine Figural Group, Circa 1880
Located in New York, NY
Depicting a seated Guanyin surrounded by two attendants and two musicians all set onto a gnarled boat or raft above turbulent waves, a branch of blossom...
Category

1880s Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Porcelain

Large Cambodian Black Painted Sitting Buddha Sculpture, circa 1920s
Located in Haddonfield, NJ
Sitting black painted sitting Buddha sculpture, Cambodian, circa 1920s The statue is decorated with multiple red and green colored mirrored glass pieces. Several area around the che...
Category

1910s Vintage Asian Sculptures

Materials

Wood, Art Glass, Mirror

Deconstructed Half Tower Sculpture in Bronze-Patina Brass by Patrick Coard Paris
By Patrick Coard
Located in New York, NY
The Paris based label has distinguished themselves since their launch, with their iconic use of shagreen mixed with brass and other exotic materials. All furniture is handcrafted by ...
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Art Deco Asian Sculptures

Materials

Brass

Shagreen Column by R&Y Augousti
By R Y Augousti
Located in New York, NY
The Paris based label has distinguished themselves since their launch, with their iconic use of shagreen mixed with brass and other exotic materials. All furniture is handcrafted by ...
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Art Deco Asian Sculptures

Materials

Shagreen Stingray

Anglo-Indian Carved Camel Side Table - 19th Century
Located in Bradenton, FL
19th Century Anglo-Indian Hand-Carved Wooden Camel Table. The camel was symbolic of endurance and desert trade routes, and was a common motif in Indian decorative arts. This sculptur...
Category

19th Century Anglo-Indian Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Teak

Pair of Chinese Export Birds, circa 1820
Located in New York, NY
Pair of Chinese export birds, circa 1820.
Category

Early 19th Century Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Porcelain

Large Chinese Carved and Lacquered Buddha, Qing Dynasty, 19th Century
Located in Austin, TX
A large and magnificent near life-sized Chinese carved and lacquered wood figure of a Buddha, Qing Dynasty, 19th century or earlier, southern China. The figure likely represents one of the Five Tathagatas, also known as Dhyani Buddhas or Wisdom Buddhas. More specifically, either Amitabha or Amoghasiddhi. Amitabha is the Buddha of infinite light, and represents the wisdom of observation and recognition. Amoghasiddhi is the Buddha of accomplishment, and represents the wisdom of perfected practices. The size and scale of the Buddha indicates it was made for temple worship. The large Buddha is portrayed seated in vajrasana, or full lotus position, with the soles of both feet facing up. His elegant hands, with impossibly long and slender fingers, perform shuni mudra, the gesture of bestowing patience. His right arm is bent at the elbow, the right hand raised to heart level. The left arm resting gently in his lap, the left hand at navel level. The Buddha is dressed in voluminous robes that wrap around his shoulders and body, and tied at the waist. The heavy fabric draping and pooling elegantly all around his robust body. His broad chest and right arm exposed. The Buddha's face is both solemn and beatific - his expression seeming to change depending on the angle of view. The most notable feature of his face is the large urna to the center of his forehead, set between a pair of painted, high arching brows over heavily lidded almond shaped eyes. A strong nose is set above a small mouth pursed in an ever so slight smile. Long pendulous earlobes touch his shoulders. The Buddha's hair arranged in the typical fashion, with "spikes" representing tight curls. A prominent ushnisha rises from the crown of his head, covered by more hair, and topped with a rounded protuberance. The Buddha is constructed from several blocks of wood, joined, carved and lacquered a deep red-brown with gold flecks...
Category

19th Century Qing Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Wood

Japanese antique stone Buddha /Kannon Bodhisattva / late 19th-early 20th century
Located in Sammu-shi, Chiba
This stone statue of Nyoirin Kannon was created between the end of the Edo period and the Taisho period (late 19th century to early 20th century). The Nyoirin Kannon is a Buddha imag...
Category

Late 19th Century Edo Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Stone

Deep Blue Lapis Lazuli Decorative object Sculpture Crystal Rock
Located in London, GB
A gorgeous slab of vibrant lapis lazuli. Lapis lazuli inclides lazurite (intense blue), calcite (white veins) and pyrite (gold flecks). Prized since ancient times, this is a wonder...
Category

15th Century and Earlier Organic Modern Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Lapis Lazuli

Alexander The Great Bust No:II Made with Compressed Marble Powder Statue
By LAGU
Located in İSTANBUL, TR
Height: 65 cm / Weight: 20 kg Alexander, the real name of Macedonian III. Alexandros, commonly known as Alexander the Great, was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia and a...
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Classical Greek Asian Sculptures

Materials

Statuary Marble

Japanese Carved Wood Netsuke of a Frog, Taisho Period
Located in Point Richmond, CA
Hand carved boxwood frog netsuke dating from the Meiji period. The frog (kaeru) is associated with luck and wealth in Japanese culture. Kaeru in is a homophone meaning both "frog" an...
Category

Early 20th Century Taisho Asian Sculptures

Materials

Boxwood

Fluorite with Calcite From Xiayang, Yongchun Co., Fujian, China
Located in New York, NY
From Xiayang, Yongchun Co., Fujian, China From the 2017 new find, these rich intense blue Fluorite crystals that are composed of fully termin...
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Asian Sculptures

Materials

Crystal

255.07 Gram Beautiful Black Tourmaline Crystal From Afghanistan
By Deloris "Dee" Giltz 1
Located in Peshawar, PK
Beautiful Black Tourmaline Crystal From Afghanistan Weight: 255.07 Gram Dimension : 5 x 4.7 x 5.2 Cm Origin : kunar, Afghanistan Tourmaline is a crystalline silicate mineral grou...
Category

15th Century and Earlier Adam Style Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Rock Crystal

Quartz Var. Grape Agate from Indonesia
Located in New York, NY
From near Pantai Manakarra, Mamuju, Sulawesi, Indonesia Double-sided cluster of translucent grape purple quartz agate in spherical formations with a radial internal structure and are found in cavities in pillow basalt. Also known as Grape Agate...
Category

15th Century and Earlier Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Agate, Quartz, Other

Natural Specimen Of Aqua-Morganite On Muscovite From Afghanistan
Located in Peshawar, PK
Specimen: Aqua-Morganite on Muscovite Weight: 334 grams Dimensions: H: 8.5 x W: 9 x D: 5 cm Origin: Watalak Mine, Kunnar Province, Afghanistan Treatment: None Natural specimen ...
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Art Deco Asian Sculptures

Materials

Crystal

Natural Specimen Of Petroleum Quartz On Calcite From Pakistan
Located in Peshawar, PK
Specimen: Petroleum Quartz on Calcite Weight: 133 grams Dimensions: H: 7.7 x W: 5 x D: 4 cm Origin: Wadh Mine, Khuzdar District, Balochistan Province, Pakistan Treatment: None ...
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Art Deco Asian Sculptures

Materials

Crystal

Natural Specimen Of Petroleum Quartz On Calcite From Pakistan
Located in Peshawar, PK
Specimen: Petroleum Quartz on Calcite Weight: 36 grams Dimensions: H: 3.7 x D: 5.8 x D: 2.5 cm Origin: Wadh Mine, Khuzdar District, Balochistan Province, Pakistan Treatment: None ...
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Art Deco Asian Sculptures

Materials

Crystal

Tessilated Travertine Marble Female Nude Sculpture, Maitland Smith
By Maitland Smith
Located in Pasadena, CA
Large female nude sculpture covered in tessilated travertine marble tiles by Maitland Smith, 1970's/1980's. Classic, yet modern design. Very good vintage condition.
Category

Late 20th Century Asian Sculptures

Materials

Travertine

Red Coral Specimen on Lucite
Located in Palm Beach, FL
Lofty red coral specimen with its distinctive sea inspired form and alluring color, created by mother nature and presented on a lucite base to enhance the sculptural elements.
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Mid-Century Modern Asian Sculptures

Materials

Organic Material

20th Century Chinese Gilt carved Wooden Tang Horse Sculpture
Located in Pomona, CA
Chinese Gilt Polychrome Wooden Carved Tang Dynasty Style Horse Sculpture. Featured nicely hand carved and hand painted with gilt highlighted on...
Category

Mid-20th Century Chinese Export Asian Sculptures

Materials

Wood

Dvaravati Meditation Buddha Statue in antique Thai
Located in Milano, IT
In the soft, mellow glow of your space, an exquisite treasure from the past emerges—an antique Thai sculpture, a manifestation of profound serenity and wisdom. This seated Dvaravati ...
Category

Early 1800s Anglo-Indian Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Wood

Hiroyuki Nishimura Abstract Sculpture Masouleh Tower3 Tribal Style Bookcase
By Hiroyuki Nishimura
Located in Shibuya-ku, Tokyo
Masouleh Tower 3 Sculpture. Also it can be used as small bookcase. Material: Zelkova This work is carved from log with some kinds of chainsaws. Most of wood used for his works are ...
Category

2010s Tribal Asian Sculptures

Materials

Wood

Hand-Carved Bust of Socrates in White Marble
Located in Marbella, ES
Magnificent white marble bust depicting Socrates, one of the most influential philosophers of ancient Greece. The sculpture stands out for the expressive power of his face, with a pe...
Category

Late 20th Century Asian Sculptures

Materials

Marble

Wooden Japanese Netsuke Charme Noisette 1970s Showa era
Located in Paris, FR
This is an antique wooden netsuke made in Japan around Showa period 1970s. Netsuke is a miniature sculpture, originating in 17th century Japan....
Category

1970s Showa Vintage Asian Sculptures

Materials

Wood

Finely Cast Asian Bronze Holy Man Sculpture
Located in Sampantawong, TH
A finely cast Asian bronze holy man sculpture. Age: Contemporary Size: Height 46.6 C.M. / Width 29 C.M. / Depth 29.5 C.M. Condition: Nice condition overall.
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Asian Sculptures

Materials

Bronze

Unusual Filipino representation of Saint Roch in a Spanish colonial style.
Located in Leuven , BE
Unusual representation of Saint Roch in a Spanish colonial style. A Filipino work in exotic wood from the period of evangelization under the Spanish Crown. The type of wood used and ...
Category

Late 17th Century Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Hardwood

591 Grams Combination Of Schorl With Albite And Muscovite From Pakistan
By Deloris "Dee" Giltz 1
Located in Peshawar, PK
Product Information: Specimen Type: Schorl with Albite and Muscovite Weight: 591 grams Dimensions: H: 9 x W: 12 x D: 6 cm Origin: Skardu District, Gilgit Baltistan Province, Paki...
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Adam Style Asian Sculptures

Materials

Crystal, Rock Crystal, Other

Antique Tang Horse
Located in Atlanta, GA
Fine Decoratively Carved Tang Horse Dimensions: Height 74" Width 18" Depth 75" CW4020
Category

Early 20th Century Tang Asian Sculptures

Materials

Wood

Pair of Vintage Turtles with Antique Blue and White Porcelain Mosaic Shells
Located in Yonkers, NY
A pair of vintage decorative turtles, each designed with a pale composite body and a shell fashioned from repurposed antique blue and white porcelain fragments. The shells are constr...
Category

Mid-20th Century Asian Sculptures

Materials

Porcelain, Plaster

Japanese Edo Period Musha Ningyo Seating Samurai, Ca. 1800
Located in New York, NY
Japanese Edo Period Musha Ningyo Seating Samurai, Ca. 1800 DIMENSIONS Height: 16 inches Width: 19 inches Depth: 10 inches ABOUT Musha Ningyō (武者人形)- Literal meaning: "Warrior Dolls...
Category

Early 1800s Japonisme Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Wood

Purple Grape agate with calcium carbonate Decorative object Sculpture Table top
Located in London, GB
A stunning grape agate with calcium carbonate arrangement! Origin: Indonesia
Category

15th Century and Earlier Organic Modern Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Agate, Rock Crystal

Chinese Stained and Carved Bone Ancestral Figures, A Pair
Located in Bradenton, FL
Hand-Carved Bone Chinese Ancestral Figures, a Man and a Woman. The matched figures stand elegantly on a custom acrylic bases. They are rendered in a vertically elongated format, emph...
Category

Late 19th Century Chinese Export Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Bone

A Pair Of Brass Apple Sculptures Decorative 1960 s
Located in St.Petersburg, FL
A pair of vintage, patinated, brass apple sculptures. Heavy and well made, one retaining a label.
Category

1960s Mid-Century Modern Vintage Asian Sculptures

Materials

Brass

Large 19th Century Indonesian Clam Shell
Located in Tetbury, Gloucestershire
Large 19th Century clam shell, ‘Tridacna Gigas’ from a private collection. With lovely patination, layering and fossilising. This is a fantastic large example and a wonderful decora...
Category

19th Century Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Shell

Lapis Lazuli Natural Shape Sculpture in Metallic Brush Base
By Pietra Gallery
Located in Polanco, CDMX
Lapis Lazuli is a deep blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color. It is a combination of lazurite, main constitu...
Category

21st Century and Contemporary Organic Modern Asian Sculptures

Materials

Lapis Lazuli

Pair of Antique Japanese Meiji Era Bronze Elephant and Pagoda Incense Burners
Located in London, GB
Pair of antique Japanese Meiji era bronze elephant and pagoda incense burners Japanese, Late 19th Century Sculpture: Height 151cm, width 122cm, depth 43cm Base: Height 56cm, width 82cm, depth 40cm Overall: Height 207cm, width 122cm, depth 43cm This outstanding pair of incense burners, also known as koro in Japanese, was crafted in the late 19th century during the Meiji era. This was a time when, for the first time in almost three centuries, Japan opened its borders to foreign trade, causing a wave of Japanese...
Category

Late 19th Century Antique Asian Sculptures

Materials

Marble, Bronze

Read More

He Wrote ‘Oedipus Rex,’ but Do You Know What He Looked Like?

The Greek tragedian is said to have been handsome in his day.

These Soft Sculptures Are Childhood Imaginary Friends Come to Life

Miami artist and designer Gabriela Noelle’s fantastical creations appeal to the Peter Pan in all of us.

Salvatori Commissioned Several Famous Architects to Create Miniature Homes in Stone

Gabriele Salvatori explains how the COVID lockdowns inspired his design company's latest collection, the Village.

Christopher Norman Is Turning the Cast-Off Urban Trees of Los Angeles into Art

With a World War II–era milling machine, the California artist crafts poetic, sculptural furniture pieces.

These Human-Size Ceramic Hares Evoke Serious Emotions

Swedish artist Margit Brundin's large anthropomorphic animal sculptures are on view for the first time in the United States at Dienst + Dotter Antikviteter, in New York.

Tour the Wabi-Sabi New York Apartment of Andrianna Shamaris

As her sun-filled home reveals, the furniture maker and dealer puts a contemporary spin on antiques from around the globe.

Vicente Wolf’s Tips for Finding — and Living with — Eastern Treasures

The A-list designer shares his expertise on choosing authentic objects and displaying them with style.

Rodrigo Rivero Lake’s Mexico City Showroom Is a Museum-Worthy Trove of Spanish Colonial and Asian Antiques

The dealer and curator has spent the past 50 years amassing a collection of exceptional art, furniture and architectural elements that trace the cultural influence of the Spanish empire from Europe to the Americas and beyond.