Florida - Figurative Paintings

This series of pieces is the result of an investigation into the use of light as a tool for the representation of reality and image creation. Starting in the 40s, the work of the art...

"Nude in Interior - Woman on Top" - original large art by Paula Craioveanu in Contemporary Expressionist style. Original, large, unique painting, oil on canvas, 39x27in / 100x70cm . ...

The sweetness that characterizes the work of Mexican painter Jose Maria de Servin (1917-83) is a melancholy and placid one. While he worked in the most modern of styles, he adapted i...

Artist: Dan May (American, 1955-) Title: "Lady with Bird and Cat II" *Signed by May lower left. It is also signed and dated on verso Year: 2020 Medium: ...

Mortimer Borne, Printmaker, painter, sculptor, and educator was born in Rypin, Poland in 1902 and emigrated to the US in 1916. He studied at the National Academy of Design, The Art Students League, The Beaux-Arts Institute of Design, and with Charles Webster Hawthorne, founder of the Cape Cod School of Art in Provincetown. Painted in a thick impasto style similar in technique to Samuel Rothbort and David Burliuk. Borne himself taught at The New School for Social Research in New York City from 1945-1967. From the 1920s through the 40s he was a prolific producer of New York City cityscapes and genre scenes. In later decades, he adopted a more modernist style apparently influenced by Picasso, producing color drypoints of abstracted figures. His works were widely exhibited in museums in the U.S. and abroad from 1931 and later, including the Art Institute of Chicago, the American Institute of Graphic Arts, Museum of Modern Art, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Corcoran Gallery of Art, New York Public Library, Carnegie Institute, and Royal Society of Painters, Etchers and Engravers in London. He taught at The New School for Social Research in New York City from 1945-1967, and at the Tappan Zee...

Charles Levier (1920-2004) Oil Painting on canvas Vase of Flowers, Fleurs Hand signed lower right Dimensions: 34.75 X 20 framed, canvas is 29.5 X 14.75 Charles Levier He was born in...

ANNA KINCAIDE "Don’t You Want to Feel Alive" Oil and Mixed Media on Canvas 48 x 48 inches Communicating emotion and narrative with limited assistance from her figure’s facial expres...

Victor Simonin (Belgian, 1877-1946). An antique oil painting on board titled "Still Life of Flower and Fruit." This abstract still life work depicts a colorful botanical bouquet of f...

This captivating antique oil painting on canvas is a fine example of Dutch School genre art, evoking the style of the 17th-century master Adriaen van Ostade. The composition features...

Affection 1989 Artist signed lower right Oil, graphite on linen canvas 38x30, framed 52x44 inches. Jurgen Gorg was born in 1951 in​, Dernbach Germany. His formative years were spen...

This depicts Middle Eastern jewish men of Sefardic descent. At least one appears to be a Rabbi. ALBERT GOLDMAN Born in Alexandria, Egypt in 1922, Albert Goldman started drawing and ...

The Market, (fauvist painting of NYC scene) 1940's. image is 10X 11.5 inches. Hand signed lower right Lower East Side Tenements Pushcart Market Watercolor on paper board. Samuel G...

Original acrylic painting on canvas. Hand signed on front; signed and titled on verso by Jozza. Canvas size: 40 x 48 inches. Frame size: 41.62 x 49.62 x 2 (white floating frame hand ...

A long and quiet night in the hotel lobby is depicted by Clyde Singer in this moody and still painting. Entitled Hotel Night Lobby (1947), Singer paints a moment of solitude during ...

Ferd Sondern (b.1923) Puppy and Duckling, 1977. Pencil, gouache and watercolor on illustration board. Complete panel measures 7 x 9 inches. Signed lower left. Credited on verso. ...

Charles Rocher (1890-1962. Sailors, ca. 1920s. Gouache on paper. Sheet measures 19 x 25 inches. Considerable damage and loss as depicted. Signed lower left.

Large oil on canvas Paris, France street scene with house and tree. Hand signed Framed Dimensions 41 x 48.5 Canvas is 40 X 32 inches Henri Maurice D'Anty, listed French artist, Henry d'Anty 1910-1998 Born 1910 in Belleville France. Died in December 4 1998. Educated at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière and the Académie Julian Paris. Painter of the school of Paris. ((painter of de l'Ecole de Paris et Peintre Témoin de son Temps) He participated in numerous exhibitions and was rewarded number of prizes for his work in France and abroad D'Anty was born in Belleville, and it was here that he came to know the picturesque architectural quality of small sloping streets, sometimes broken by flights of steps, like those of Montmartre. Afterwards he moved to Saint Maurice, where he came under the spell of the banks of the Marne with its blue green reflections, the heavy river barges, sail boats, and the lock with its large dark mass, which all made their impressions, as did a later visit in northern France, long before he thought seriously about painting. But in both eye and mind, he was already storing secret visions and emotions. During a holiday in Brittany, he discovered an entirely new awareness of colors, or rather of colors of the enchanting, subtle tones which make up the varied atmospheres of the Breton scene. He is linked to both post impressionism and expressionism. He was part of the Ecole de Paris (School of Paris) and showed with Francois Arnal, Franz Priking, Isis Kischka, Roland Dubuc, Bernard Maurice Quentin, Michel Patrix, Roger Bezombes, Lucien Joseph Fontanarosa, Bernard Buffet, Jean Marzelle, Maurice Blond, Isaac Antcher, Francis Bott, Jean Jansem, Alfred Charles Weber...

This series of pieces is the result of an investigation into the use of light as a tool for the representation of reality and image creation. Starting in the 40s, the work of the art...

Monumental Hyper Realist Still Life Painting Of Peppers, Hand Signed Oil on canvas 48 x 48 in, 58 x 58 in (framed) Perfect for a ki...

An ordinary scene of a woman walking down a sidewalk in the rain is elevated to a little gem of a painting. American life is captured in this Clyde Singer painting, Puddle Jumper (...

New York City scene of two women walking down a sidewalk with a park in the background, in the foreground a man is walking a small dog. American life is captured in this Clyde Sing...

Manning de Villenueve Lee:1894-1980. Well listed American painter and illustrator with Auction records up to $22,500. This spectacular painting is one of our favorites. Probably pain...

Offered for sale is a vibrant and whimsical oil on canvas, signed in the lower right, depicting an elegant seaside café scene. The composition shows three stylishly dressed women sea...

Agapito Labios: 1898-1996. Well, listed Mexican Painter, who painted in the primitive Mexican style. He is best known for his paintings of young girls with either an inside or outsid...

This series of pieces is the result of an investigation into the use of light as a tool for the representation of reality and image creation. Starting in the 40s, the work of the art...

Natan Heber was trained by his father in Poland to be a ritual slaughterer. In 1925, he joined the Zionist movement "Mizrachi" and in 1936 immigrated to Palestine where he opened a poultry shop in Haifa. He began to paint at the age of sixty-one, after ill health forced him to retire. Driven by a need to memorialize his family and their shtetl community lost in the Holocaust, he drew scenes of traditional Jewish life. Unfamiliar with the conventions of scale and perspective, he set his heavily outlined frontal figures on steeply rising surfaces and often portrayed his father in monumental size to mark his importance. One of Israel's greatest naive-style painters. Along with Shalom of Safed, Kopel Gurwin and Gabriel Cohen, He is renowned as one of Israel's greatest living naive-style folk art painters, The Haifa Museum of Art will be opening the first ever Outsider Art exhibition (also known as Art Brut) in Israel in January 2013. He was included in the show of Outsider art at Haifa Museum The exhibition included works by Classical Outsider artists, none of them have ever been shown in Israel - Henry Darger, Martin Ramirez, Adolf Wölfli, Aloïse, Hauser, Carlo Zinnelli, Bill Traylor, Minnie Evans...

Patrick Terenchin (b.1970). Angel II, 2024. Oil, acrylic, color pencil on wood panel. Image measuring 12 x 12 inches. Signed, titled, dated on verso.

Original acrylic painting on canvas. Hand signed and dated lower left by Peter Max. Artwork size: 48.25 x 58 inches. Canvas is stretched. Artwork is in excellent condition with...

Gamez de Francisco paints and photographs very passionately, making statements filled with symbolism. He frequently includes insects in his artwork. He says: Flying insects represent...

Original acrylic painting on canvas. Hand-signed and dated in acrylic on front by Peter Max. Canvas size 96 x 48 inches. Frame size aprox 100 x 52 inches. Peter Max studio catalog...

John Hanlen (1922-2003). Beach Snack Shack, ca. 1950. Tempera on paper, sheet measures 18 x 23 inches. Measurement with matting: 26 x 31 inches. The piece is unframed. There is ...

Artist: TARKAY, ITZCHAK Title: LAKE CAFE Year: 2000-2010 Size: 36 X 48 INCHES Medium: ORIGINAL ACRYLIC ON CANVAS Edition: ORIGINAL 1/1 Description: Hand signed by the artist. The art...

Jewish Chassidic Klezmer Shtetl Musicians

Mixed media on panel. Sprawling cat. Hand signed lower right. Dimensions: (Frame) H 8.25" x W 10.25" (Board) H 5" x W 7" Piero Aversa was born in Asmara, Eritrea, East Africa, educated at the Belle Arte in Rome, and lived and exhibited worldwide. He moved to the US in 1953. Piero Aversa was passionate about many facets of artistic expression. A larger than life Gay Artist, he enjoyed the company of many jet setters in New York City during his Fashion and Interior Design days. Originally from Italy he finally settled in Key West, Florida where the largest collection of his art is displayed. His talents span design in fabrics, wall covering, jewelry and films as well as the fine arts. The exhibition in Rome in 1959, of “The Most Beautiful Women of Rome”, catapulted him to international recognition. In New York, he designed celebrity mannequins for the windows of Saks Fifth Avenue. The depicted “New York's high-born, wealthy jet-setters” included Louise Savitt, Baby Jane Holzer and Wendy Vanderbilt. He is acknowledged for his sensitivity to the different lands he had been inspired by, from the primitive backdrops of Greek Mythology to the botanical lushness of Mexico, Italy, Greece and the Southern United States. He established his own line of wallpapers and fabrics, receiving praise for his interior design of suites at the historic Colony Hotel in Palm Beach, Florida. Aversa was collected by actresses Katherine Hepburn and Agnes Moorehead; diplomat and prominent New York socialite, Francis Kellogg; gallery owner, Julius Fleischmann; society songstress and millionaire industrialist, Mr. & Mrs. David Muss; and American songwriter, Jule Styne. He was also collected by various Italian nobility, Count and Countess Scribani Rossi from Rome, Principessa Niky Boncompagni, and Countess Alicia Paolozzi from Rome. The arrival of Piero in Mykonos, Greece and opening of his bar in the early 70's began a somewhat historical era for the gay community of the time. His work has a Surrealist quality that reminds me of Van Eno another Key West art...

This series of pieces is the result of an investigation into the use of light as a tool for the representation of reality and image creation. Starting in the 40s, the work of the art...

Original acrylic painting on canvas. Hand signed upper right by Peter Max. Canvas size: 48 x 60 inches Frame size: 58 x 70 inches. Dedicated and remarqued on verso by Peter Max. ...

American life is captured in this Clyde Singer painting, Snow in the City (1954), where he depicts an everyday moment in the city. An ordinary scene, of a group of women making thei...

Hildegard Rath, (1909-1994) painter, author, teacher, and lecturer, Born in Wurttemberg, Germany, in the Black Forest region of Germany. Hildegard Rath became a painter of landscape, portraits, still lifes, and marine subjects and also a muralist. Her father was a bank president, her mother a sculptor, writer, and illustrator of children's books. At the age of 15, Miss Rath painted her first portrait in oil as a birthday present for her father and thereafter every opportunity for study was given to her. She went to art school at the Atelier House in Stuttgart, Germany and at the Akademie der Bildenden Kunste in Berlin. She studied with Lotte Laserstein...

Lazzaro Donati (Italian, 1926-1977) Oil on board. Colorful woman. La Signora, Vestita Di Giallo, 1969 Hand signed upper right. signed, titled on back of panel. Dimensions: (Frame) H 38" x W 30", (Panel) H 28" x W 20" Lazzaro Donati was born in Florence and attended the Academy of Fine Arts. He began to paint in 1953, and in 1955 held his first exhibition at the Indiano Gallery in Florence. Within three years eleven exhibitions followed in Italy, and as his reputation grew he was invited to give major exhibitions in London, Paris, New York, Chicago, Rio de Janeiro and Montevideo. He is considered one of the foremost contemporary Italian painters and his paintings hang in museums and private collections throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia. His work is recalling the works of the french Raoul Dufy, Dunoyer de Segonzac, Francois Gall and Jean Jansem. This particular work is reminiscent of the work of Manolo Valdes. Donati lived and worked at 24 Piazza Donatello in Florence, the square where generations of artists have created works worthy of the great Florentine tradition. As you entered the narrow hallway to his studio, a gilded life-size Venetian angel beckoned you to his door. Once inside, the present faded away and you found yourself in an atelier where early masters might have worked during the Renaissance. Within, luxurious Persian rugs set off the innumerable objects d’art and antique furnishings...

In 1936, Alfred Landon and Frank Knox were the Republican candidates for President and Vice President. They were defeated in a landslide by Franklin Roosevelt. Clyde Singer captures ...

Jean Pierre Serrier (French, 1934-1989) Oil on canvas painting depicting four figures Hand signed lower right. Measures (frame) 26.5" x 30" wide, and (sight) 18.25." x 22.25" wide. Jean Pierre Serrier (1934 – 1989) was a French painter known for surrealism and absurdist art. Jean-Pierre Serrier was born in Montparnasse, Paris and attended the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris. the son of Louis and Solange Serrier. His father fought in World War II and became a prisoner of war. In 1940, as a six-year-old, he and his mother fled Paris for Corrèze in southwest France. Childhood memories of close escapes from German bombardments would later influence his absurdist philosophy of life. Passionate about drawing, in 1951 he applied and was admitted to the École nationale supérieure des arts appliqués et des métiers d'art in Paris. He shared an attic apartment in the 16th arrondissement with fellow student Jean-Baptiste Valadié. For income, he decorated shop windows. A trip to Spain provided motifs for early works. His student work might be characterized as art naïf (Naive art). While still a student, he sold a ceramic artwork to the poet and publisher Pierre Seghers, who would later commission drawings from him. He frequented jazz clubs in Saint-Germain des Près, and while listening to Sidney Bechet at the Vieux Colombier, he met his wife, Yvette.One of the last French Surrealist and follower of Nietzsche. His art conveyed the message to all of mankind that we are only human. The other Surrealist to center his art in philosophy was Rene Magritte whose paintings reflect his understanding of Sigmund Freud. He had his first exhibition in 1955, before being sent to Algeria to complete his military service. After graduating in 1955, he was drafted for military service, spent time in Germany and Morocco, and was sent to the front lines of the Algerian War. In 1959 he exhibited works at two Parisian galleries and at Juan-les-Pins on the Côte d'Azur. From 1961, he exhibited annually at the Salon des Artistes Français. In 1962, the City of Paris purchased his painting Un dimanche In 1961, Serrier made his first visit to the United States to exhibit at a New York gallery. In 1975 and 1979, he had successful exhibitions in New Orleans, and his work was included in art and news magazines, including Time and Newsweek. Beginning in the 1950s, his works included stylized portraits similar in some ways to the "big eyes" art of Margaret Keane, though it is uncertain that either artist influenced the other. Keane painted children, and so did Serrier, sometimes from life, but Serrier’s models are usually somewhat older, though uniformly slender and with androgynous features. A gallery owner introduced Serrier to American collectors Edgar Garbisch and his wife, Bernice Chrysler (daughter of Chrysler founder Walter P. Chrysler), who had a particular interest in naïve art; they commissioned a series of portraits from Serrier. At the same time, he met Reine Ausset in Paris, who in 1961 invited him to New York to take part in an exhibition at Galerie Norval on 57th Street. The show also included work by Moïse Kisling, and the exhibition program explicitly linked the two artists, saying that Serrier, who considered Moise Kisling "the Master," had found his own technique, but "the same vision joins the grand Kisling to the young Serrier: plenitude of shapes, sureness of palette, precision in outlines." In the 1960s he began painting slender, young, androgynous figures in groups, set in sparse landscapes with suggestions of the surreal and sometimes wearing costumes of the Commedia dell'arte. In some of these paintings the eyes of the figures are completely black, a motif that would continue in his later work. In 1965, he exhibited at Forest and Reed Gallery in London. Also in 1965, he discovered the small town of Martel, and with his old roommate Jean-Baptiste Valadié purchased a house that they opened as the gallery La Licorne (The Unicorn) in 1967. Responding to the political upheavals of May 1968 in France, and following the advice of Geneva gallery owner Roger Ferrero, Serrier's work became increasingly complex, idiosyncratic, and surreal. Imagery included the Tower of Babel, bodies suspended in space, and crowds of people all dressed alike, with identical features and entirely black eyes. Mannequins, playing cards, nudes, and levitating orbs also figured in the work. In a nod to Magritte, his men sometimes wear bowler hats. Another influence may have been the works of the Franco-Belgian surrealist Gaston Bogaert (1918-2008). Serrier's first major exhibit of these works, in Geneva in 1971, was titled Le Réalisme Fantastique. (Magic Realism) In 1972, he was made a member of the Société du Salon d'Automne, under whose auspices he was invited by the Polish government to exhibit in Warsaw in 1973, as part of a cultural exchange across the Iron Curtain. In 1976, he served on the jury of the Salon d'Automne. In 1975, New Orleans gallery owner Kurt E. Schon brought his work to several cities in the United States. A copiously illustrated monograph in English, Surrealism and the Absurd: Jean Pierre Serrier, was published in 1977. Author Thomas M. Bayer wrote: Serrier's world is one where—to use Friedrich Nietzche's term—the "human herd animal" is being confronted with the overwhelming task of coping with the world, his solitude, and at times, his resignation in the face of its monstrous size and duration. It is a world where the characterless, "blind" man faces the institutions, rules and symbols that made him into the being he now is…But Serrier does not lose himself in this world he portrays. He never forgets the old French tradition, the "black" humor, à la Molière. This classical humor at times is more felt than seen, in a manner that can be terribly funny, because it is horrifying, laughable, poignant and always true. Serrier told a friend, "In each of my paintings there's a message of hope amid the crowd of stereotypical figures. It could be an escaping dirigible, or a nymphet who flees like a deer under the red and blue trees of paradise...

Hand signed lower left corner Oil on masonite Dimensions: Frame H 18.25" x W 22.25". Sight H 11.25" x W 15.25 This is a great scene, vintage Americana. Possibly Crown Heights in Brooklyn New York City. Done in a mid century modern style with great vibrant colors and loose, adept, brushwork. Fruit vendor with ladies shopping. George Schwacha, Jr. (1908 - 1986) New Jersey artist. Known for Landscape painting and snow scenes. He studied Arthur W. Woelfle; John Grabach; Edward Dufner and A. Schweider. George Schwacha was president of the American Artists Professional League and a past president of the Audubon Artists and Art Center of New Jersey. He belongs to the American Watercolor Society, The National Society of Painters in Casein, and the Philadelphia Watercolor Club. His paintings have been shown throughout the country at museums such as the Pennsylvania Academy, the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, DC and the Birmingham Art Museum, The Butler Art Institute in Youngstown, Ohio the Connecticut Academy of Fine Arts, as well as in leading New Jersey and New York exhibitions, including the American Society of Arts and Letters. He is listed in Who's Who in American Art and International Directory of Arts. His work is represented nationally in over 30 museums and public collections including the Newark Museum, Montclair Museum, Birmingham Art Museum, the Isaac Delgado Museum in New Orleans, and the Butler Art Institute. Worldwide he is also represented in collections in the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Canada, Egypt, England, France, Germany, Greece, Holland, Hong Kong, Israel, Scotland and Switzerland. Seymour Zayon, Bertram Hartman, Hugh Campbell, Frank Herbst, Joseph Newman, Theodore Valenkamph, Robert John McClelland, Nicolai Cikovsky, Ben Benn, George Howell Gay, Robert Brackman, Vernon Wood...

Landscape WIth Young Girls In A Garden Signed lower left Chirinos. Ramon Chirinos Venezuelan was born in 1950. Painter and draftsman. He studied drawing and painting with Professor ...

Jonah Kinigstein "Death of a Clown" Large Oil on Board Painting of macabre circus scene with clowns Hand signed lower left and signed and titled verso Frame: 55 X 43 Image: 48 X 36 ...

Extremely rare work of art from the early Bezalel School of Boris Schatz in Ottoman Palestine. it depicts an Orientalist Arab Sheik in traditional Headwear. YITSKHOK LIKHTENSHTEYN ...

"Dominance" Oil painting 36" x 36" inch by Alina Shimova PURE SOUL series Shimova cares about the conservation of the fauna. She draws public attention to the problems of animals,...

Beautiful painting of a ballet dancer. Oil on masonite panel, measuring 9 x 12 inches. Titled and dated 2/54 on verso. Signed "Degas" lower right.

Alex Charles Chartier, French, 1894-1957 Oil painting on board 1951 Quartier Plaisance, Paris village scene Hand signed and dated '51 lower left. Dimensions: 21" x 25-3/4", frame...

Beautiful Ashcan School portrait of a woman in winter outerwear, 1909. Oil on canvas panel, measuring 17.75 x 18 inches; 21.75 x 22 inches framed. Original frame. Dated lower rig...

Synthetic polymer drawing on paper. Unsigned. Warhol Foundation stamp on verso. Sheet size 31.5 x 23.5 inches. Custom framed as pictured. Artwork is in excellent condition. Cert...

Lucien Delarue (1925-2011) Paris Seine River Scene. "Seine at Paris" Provenance: Newman Gallery, Phila. Label verso. Hand signed on Canvas. Dimensions: H: 25 inches: W: 31.5 inches: Frame: 35 X 41 inches Artist Lucien Delarue was born in Paris in 1925, and he is known for his spectacular cityscape painting. Post Impressionist painter He studied at the studios of Grande Chaumiere, Paris and was a pupil of Maitre Yves Brayer. He is best know as a French Impressionist. He loved to paint the romantic streets of Paris with its stunning architecture and beauty. Also included in his repertoire is colorful French floral still life paintings, South of France country cottages, harbor views, and river scenes. At a very early age Delarue began taking part in exhibitions. Quickly he was talking medals for his works including first prize and the Vermeil-Medaille at the Salon Violet. Other gold medals include the Salon of Vincennes, and the Salon of Clichy (1973). In 1974 he won the silver medal at the Salon des Artistes Francais, and a bronze medal at the "Arts-Sciences-Lettres" exhibition in Paris. He also exhibited works at the Museum of Ile de France in the chateau of Sceaux. He held exhibitions in New York and in San Francisco in the United States. He was a member of the Salon des Artistes Francais and of the French Watercolor Society.Lucien Delarue excelled in recreating the cottages, harbor views, and expressionist architecture of Paris in his artwork. His watercolor paintings include color-rich representations of France's many scenic rivers. Delarue would eventually become a member of the French Watercolor Society and the Salon des Artistes Francais. He showed with Henk Bos...

Original oil painting on canvas. Hand signed lower front by Ferjo. Canvas image size 24 x 30 x 1 inches. Canvas is stretched. Artwork is in excellent condition. Certificate of au...

"Future Love", acrylic on canvas, 30x38in, 80x100cm Large original, one-of-a-kind, painting. Shipped stretched, varnished and ready for hanging. Free shipping for items over $500 wit...

Giclee on canvas. Hand signed lower right by Doug Bloodworth. Hand numbered 36/150 lower right. Canvas size 44 x 55 inches. Canvas is not stretched. Artwork is in excellent co...

Unique, one of a kind original gouache on paper from Harper's Bazar series. Hand signed lower front by Erte; titled top front with studio catalog number on verso. Sheet size 10.7...

Artist: Peter Max Title: Better World Size: 48 x 24 Inches (Framed: 57.25 x 33.25 Inches) Medium: Acrylic on Canvas Edition: Original Year: 2010 Notes: Max Studio Catalog Nu...

Circle of Graciela Rodo Boulanger. Woman Walking Dog, ca. 1970. Oil on wood panel measuring 5 x 7 inches; 12.25 x 14.25 inches framed. Signed indistinctly upper right.

Timothy Berry (b.1948). Savage Garden, 1996. Oil on canvas, 34 x 32 inches. Sigh on verso. Original gallery label affixed on verso. Canvas stretched over...

Lionel Kalish (American B.1931) "A Villa on the Sea", c. 1980 Oil on canvas Hand signed lower right L.Kalish Bark Frameworks Inc. N.Y. label verso 16" x 24" Lionel Kalish born...

Jean Sanglar was born in France in 1926. He draws with taste and talent from an early age, however, his family will only consider this a mere hobby. After studying law, he later took...