Paris - Abstract Prints
to
9
232
128
397
152
85
Overall Width
to
Overall Height
to
833
47
46
38
2
2
1
151
51
30
28
27
8
715
271
1
2
7
67
191
284
72
41
629
290
74
1
1
1
1
1
432
209
143
127
109
25
210
994
13,827
6,082
Item Ships From: Paris
Gouaches Totems - Lithograph poster
By (after) Alexander Calder
Located in Paris, IDF
Alexander CALDER (after)
Gouaches Totems, 1966
Lithograph poster
Made for the exhibition of Alexander Calder at Maeght Gallery
Printer : Arte Paris
Editor : Maeght
75.6 x 53.6 cm (c...
Category
1970s Abstract Geometric Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
The Wheel (Maeght) - Vintage Lithograph Poster, 1982
Located in Paris, IDF
Pierre ALECHINSKY
The Wheel (Maeght), 1982
Lithograph and offset
Printed signature in the plate
On paper 88 x 60 cm (c. 35 x 24 inch)
Created for Maeght / Derriere le Miroir in 1982...
Category
1980s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph, Offset
Fenêtre sur la ville
By Robert Delaunay
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1969
After a drawing by Robert Delaunay
reprinted in 1969, numbered, titled, annotated ‘pour Robert Delaunay 1926-1969’ and signed by Sonia Delaunay
Edition : 60/75
Publ...
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
The roofs of Saint-Tropez
By Bernard Buffet
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1979
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 80/80
Publisher : Éditions A.C. Mazo et Cie (Paris)
Printer : Mourlot (Paris)
Catalog : [Sorlier 293, p. 196]
54.00 c...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Naked Man - Etching, 1897
By (after) Auguste Rodin
Located in Paris, IDF
Auguste RODIN (after)
Naked man, 1897
Etching enhanced with watercolor
On vellum 42.5 x 31 cm (c. 16.7 x 12.2 inches)
Edition limited to 125 copies, send wi...
Category
1890s Modern Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching
Europa Nostra - Original screen print, Handsigned
Located in Paris, IDF
Michel Seuphor
Europa Nostra
Original screen print
Handsigned in pencil
Numbered / 100
On vellum 75 x 52 cm (c. 30 x 21 inch)
Excellent condition
Category
Late 20th Century Abstract Geometric Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Screen
The microscope
By Bernard Buffet
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1969
Handsigned by the artist in pencil
Edition : /500
Publisher : Les Peintres Témoins de leur Temps, Paris
Printer : Sorlier, Paris
Catalog : [316]
72.00 cm. x 56.00 c...
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Monument for Federico Fellini - Original handsigned lithograph - 100 ex
By Jean Messagier
Located in Paris, IDF
Jean MESSAGIER
Monument for Federico Fellini
Original lithograph
Handsigned
Numbered / 100 ex
On vellum 70 x 50 cm (c. 28 x 20 inch)
Excellent cond...
Category
1970s Surrealist Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
The Lawyer - Original color Etching and Aquatint - 1967
By Jorge Perez-Roman
Located in Paris, IDF
Jorge PEREZ-ROMAN
The Lawyer
Original etching and aquatint
On Johannot vellum
37.5 x 28 cm (c. 15 x 11 inch)
From the illustrated book PAROLES PEINTES III...
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching, Aquatint
Athletism : Higher, Stronger, Further - Lithograph (Olympic Games Munich 1972)
By Peter Phillips
Located in Paris, IDF
Peter PHILIPS
Athletism : Higher, Stronger, Further
Lithograph and offset
Printed signature in the plate
On edition paper 101 x 64 cm (c. 40 x 26 inch)
Made for the Olympic Games in...
Category
1970s Modern Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Spring Breeze - Original etching - Handsigned
By Julius Baltazar
Located in Paris, IDF
Julius BALTAZAR (1949 -)
Spring Breeze
Etching on vellum Arches
Signed on the right bottom and numbered on /15
Size : 32 x 25 cm (c. 12,6 x 9,8 in)
Excellent condition, paper sligh...
Category
Late 20th Century Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching
$216 Sale Price
40% Off
L 22
By Hans Hartung
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1957
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 2/100
Publisher : Hedwig Marbach, Berne
Printer : Jean Pons, Paris
Catalog : RMM 98
65.50 cm. x 50.00 cm. 25.79 in. ...
Category
1950s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
$2,402
Deserted gardens perhaps
By Zoran Antonio Music
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 1976
Handsigned by the artist in pencil
Edition : 115
Publisher : Galerie Schmücking (Braunschweig)
Printer : Lacourière et Frélaut (Paris)
28.00 cm. x 37.50 cm. 11.02 i...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
Untitled
By Zao Wou-Ki
Located in Paris, FR
Etching and aquatint, 1971
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 76/99
Publisher : Galerie de France, Paris
Printer : Atelier Lacourière et Frélaut, Paris
Catalog : [Agerup...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching, Aquatint
$7,206
No title
By Bram Van Velde
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1978
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 73/100
Publisher : Bram Van Velde & Jacques Putman (Paris)
Printer : Pierre Badey (Paris)
Catalog : Mason-Putman 320
...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Le lézard aux plumes d
or
By Joan Miró
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1967
Not signed
Catalog : [Maeght 461 p. 135]
35.50 cm. x 50.00 cm. 13.98 in. x 19.69 in. (paper)
33.50 cm. x 48.00 cm. 13.19 in. x 18.9 in. (image)
“Le Lézard aux ...
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
La Patriette de Gonzalve
By Gustave Singier
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1957
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and annoted "HC"
Publisher : Galerie de France (Paris)
Printer : Mourlot (Paris)
48.00 cm. x 38.00 cm. 18.9 in. x 14.96 in. (pap...
Category
1950s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Geometric composition
By Geneviève Claisse
Located in Paris, FR
Silkscreen and relief collage
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and annotated "5130"
Edition : 30 ex.
74.00 cm. x 60.50 cm. 29.13 in. x 23.82 in. (paper)
74.00 cm. x 60.50 cm. 29....
Category
1980s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Silk
Untitled
By Max Bill
Located in Paris, FR
Silksreen, 1970
Handsigned by the artist in pencil
80.50 cm. x 60.50 cm. 31.69 in. x 23.82 in. (paper)
52.00 cm. x 52.00 cm. 20.47 in. x 20.47 in. (image)
Swiss-born multidiscipli...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Silk
$1,141
No title
By Arthur Luiz Piza
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 1970
78.00 cm. x 59.00 cm. 30.71 in. x 23.23 in. (paper)
78.00 cm. x 59.00 cm. 30.71 in. x 23.23 in. (image)
Ref : LCD1897
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching, Aquatint
Ezust
By Victor Vasarely
Located in Paris, FR
Silksreen, 1966
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 147/150
Publisher : Denise Renè, Paris
Printer : Ateliers Arcay
Catalog : [Benavides 57]
83.00 cm. x 75.00 cm. 32.68 ...
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Silk
Geometric composition
By Geneviève Claisse
Located in Paris, FR
Silkscreen and relief collage
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and annotated EA
Edition : 30 ex.
61.00 cm. x 78.00 cm. 24.02 in. x 30.71 in. (paper)
61.00 cm. x 78.00 cm. 24.02 i...
Category
1980s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Silk
No title
By Arthur Luiz Piza
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 1970
Edition : 7/99
65.00 cm. x 50.00 cm. 25.59 in. x 19.69 in. (paper)
39.50 cm. x 29.50 cm. 15.55 in. x 11.61 in. (image)
Handsigned by the artist in pencil
Ref : LCD3219
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
We are not the last
By Zoran Antonio Music
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 1970
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 11/60
55.50 cm. x 75.00 cm. 21.85 in. x 29.53 in. (paper)
40.00 cm. x 56.20 cm. 15.75 in. x 22.13 in. (image)
Certif...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
Souris
By Maria Elena Vieira da Silva
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1978
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 11/115
Publisher : Erker (Saint Gallen)
38.00 cm. x 28.00 cm. 14.96 in. x 11.02 in. (paper)
32.00 cm. x 22.00 cm. 1...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Centre Noeuds
By Roberto Matta
Located in Paris, FR
Etching, 1974
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and annotated ea 14/15
Publisher : Georges Visat (Paris)
60.50 cm. x 45.00 cm. 23.82 in. x 17.72 in. (paper)
35.50 cm. x 26.50 cm. ...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching
Anamorphose
By Arthur Luiz Piza
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 1970
Edition : 9/85
Catalog : Masrour n°140
63.00 cm. x 45.00 cm. 24.8 in. x 17.72 in. (paper)
63.00 cm. x 45.00 cm. 24.8 in. x 17.72 in. (image)
Handsigned by the artis...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
Greeting card 2005
By Arthur Luis Piza
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving
Handsigned by the artist in pencil
Edition : V/L
Publisher : Jacqueline de Champvallins (Paris)
Printer : Atelier Leblanc
38.30 cm. x 28.50 cm. 15.08 in. x 11.22 in. (pape...
Category
Early 2000s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
No title
By Bram Van Velde
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1966
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 31/80
Printer : Fratelli Pozzo
Catalog : Mason-Putman 36
94.00 cm. x 62.50 cm. 37.01 in. x 24.61 in. (paper)
66.50 c...
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Album 19 - plate 3
By Joan Miró
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1961
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 30/75
Publisher : Maeght (Paris)
Printer : Maeght (Paris)
Catalog : Maeght 246
51.00 cm. x 66.50 cm. 20.08 in. x 26....
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
The castle
By Roger Bissière
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1956
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 43/75
Certificate of authenticity
50.00 cm. x 64.00 cm. 19.69 in. x 25.2 in. (paper)
36.00 cm. x 46.00 cm. 14.17 i...
Category
1950s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
En Passant. Janvier 2000
By Arthur Luis Piza
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 2000
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and Annoted "EA"
Edition : 99 ex.
Publisher : Jacqueline de Champvallins (Paris)
76.00 cm. x 56.50 cm. 29.92 in. x 22.24 in. (pape...
Category
Early 2000s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
No title
By Antoni Clavé
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 33/35
72.00 cm. x 91.00 cm. 28.35 in. x 35.83 in. (paper)
49.00 cm. x 71.00 cm. 19.29 in. x 27.95 in. (image)
LCD5238
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
Vorosh Arg
By Victor Vasarely
Located in Paris, FR
Silksreen, 1989
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 54/70
Catalog : Benavides 1075
60.00 cm. x 58.00 cm. 23.62 in. x 22.83 in. (paper)
45.00 cm. x 45.00 cm. 17.72 in. x...
Category
1980s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Silk
Red flower
By Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo (Corneille)
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph
66.00 cm. x 51.50 cm. 25.98 in. x 20.28 in. (paper)
66.00 cm. x 51.50 cm. 25.98 in. x 20.28 in. (image)
Annoted "EA"
Handsigned by the artist in pencil
Ref : LCD3061
Category
Early 2000s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Vase de fleurs jaunes
By Georges Braque
Located in Paris, FR
Etching, 1960
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 133/300
Catalog : [Maeght 1039]
65.00 cm. x 35.50 cm. 25.59 in. x 13.98 in. (paper)
47.50 cm. x 34.00 cm. 18.7 in. x 1...
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching
Still life
By Georges Braque
Located in Paris, FR
Etching, 1956
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 155/300
Publisher : Guy Spitzer (Paris)
48.00 cm. x 65.00 cm. 18.9 in. x 25.59 in. (paper)
24.00 cm. x 35.00 cm. 9.45 ...
Category
1950s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching
No title
By Jonone
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 2006
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 2/20
56.00 cm. x 77.00 cm. 22.05 in. x 30.31 in. (paper)
50.00 cm. x 65.00 cm. 19.69 in. x 25.59 in. (image)
On BFK...
Category
Early 2000s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
$1,801
Composition 1
By Jesús Rafael Soto
Located in Paris, FR
Silksreen, 1973
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 69/95
Publisher : Malbotough Graphics, New York
80.00 cm. x 80.00 cm. 31.5 in. x 31.5 in. (paper)
65.00 cm. x 65.00...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Silk
Le Styx
By Joan Miró
Located in Paris, FR
Etching and aquatint, 1958
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 27/75
Publisher : Maeght Editeur, Paris
Printer : Crommelynck et Dutrou, Paris
Catalog : [Dupin 159, p. 130...
Category
1950s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching, Aquatint
$6,245
Red, yellow blue
By Arthur Luis Piza
Located in Paris, FR
Etching and aquatint
Edition : 77/85
Catalog : cat 141
66.00 cm. x 50.00 cm. 25.98 in. x 19.69 in. (paper)
71.00 cm. x 45.00 cm. 27.95 in. x 17.72 in. (image)
LCD1332
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching, Aquatint
Journal d
un graveur III
By Joan Miró
Located in Paris, FR
Etching and aquatint, 1975
Handsigned by the artist in pencil
Edition : 75
Publisher : Maeght (Paris)
Printer : Morsang (Paris)
Catalog : [Maeght 805]
Certificate of authenticity
...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching, Aquatint
Composition on a yellow background
By Fernand Léger
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1954
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 59/75
Publisher : Galerie Louise Leiris (Paris)
Printer : Mourlot (Paris)
Catalog : Saphire 138
50.00 cm. x 65.00 cm....
Category
1950s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Sans titre
By Mark Kostabi
Located in Paris, FR
Silksreen, 2014
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 28/50
Publisher : Galerie-F Edition
84.50 cm. x 61.50 cm. 33.27 in. x 24.21 in. (paper)
65.50 cm. x 50.00 cm. 25.79 ...
Category
2010s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Silk
Fractal - ssi - 3b
By Seiko Tachibana
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 2018
Edition : 18/25
61.00 cm. x 56.00 cm. 24.02 in. x 22.05 in. (paper)
30.00 cm. x 30.00 cm. 11.81 in. x 11.81 in. (image)
In this minimalist etching, Seiko Tachiban...
Category
2010s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
Documenta Geigy Das Unbehagen in der Kunst (Planche VII)
By Jean Arp
Located in Paris, FR
Wood engraving, 1965
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 187/300
Publisher : Geigy A.G., Bâle, Suisse
Catalog : [Arntz 245]
58.50 cm. x 39.50 cm. 23.03 in. x 15.55 in. (...
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
Jardins déserts peut-être
By Zoran Antonio Music
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 1976
Handsigned by the artist in pencil
Edition : 115
Publisher : Galerie Schmücking (Braunschweig)
Printer : Lacourière et Frélaut (Paris)
28.00 cm. x 37.50 cm. 11.02 in. x 14.76 in. (paper)
19.50 cm. x 25.50 cm. 7.68 in. x 10.04 in. (image)
Original drypoint etching by Zoran Music...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
Meditation
By Marc Chagall
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1979
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 46/50
Printer : Mourlot, Paris
Catalog : [Mourlot 941]
60.00 cm. x 43.50 cm. 23.62 in. x 17.13 in. (paper)
35.00 cm....
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Jardins déserts peut-être
By Zoran Antonio Music
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 1976
Handsigned by the artist in pencil
Edition : 115
Publisher : Galerie Schmücking (Braunschweig)
Printer : Lacourière et Frélaut (Paris)
28.00 cm. x 37.50 cm. 11.02 in. x 14.76 in. (paper)
19.50 cm. x 25.50 cm. 7.68 in. x 10.04 in. (image)
Original drypoint etching by Zoran Music...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
Lettres
By James Coignard
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 1989
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered II/XXVI
Printer : Atelier pasnic (Paris)
75.00 cm. x 56.00 cm. 29.53 in. x 22.05 in. (paper)
Moulin Laroque paper
Ce...
Category
1980s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
Une aventure méthodique
By (after) Georges Braque
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1950
Handsigned by the artist in pencil
Edition : 250
Publisher : Mourlot (Paris)
Printer : Mourlot (Paris)
Catalog : Vallier 49
32.00 cm. x 39.00 cm. 12.6 in. x 15.35 ...
Category
1950s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Frémissement singulier
By Arthur Luis Piza
Located in Paris, FR
Engraving, 1991
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 62/99
Publisher : Jacqueline de Champvallins (Paris)
76.00 cm. x 56.00 cm. 29.92 in. x 22.05 in. (paper)
43.00 cm. x ...
Category
1990s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Engraving
Lettrism: Mysterious Writing - Original etching, Handsigned and Numbered /20
Located in Paris, IDF
Isidore ISOU (1925-2007)
Lettrism: Mysterious Writing, c. 1980
Original etching
Signed in pencil
Numbered / 20 copies
On Arches vellum, 53 x 38.5 cm (c. 21 x 15 in)
Very good condi...
Category
1980s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching
No title
By Johnny Friedlaender
Located in Paris, FR
Etching
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 11/135
43.00 cm. x 38.00 cm. 16.93 in. x 14.96 in. (paper)
29.50 cm. x 27.50 cm. 11.61 in. x 10.83 in. (image)
LCD1894
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Etching
Bebaros
By Maurice Estève
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1975
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 16/100
Publisher : Berggruen (Paris)
Printer : Mourlot (Paris)
Catalog : [Prudhomme/Moestrup 83]
39.00 cm. x 41.70 cm...
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
No title
By Mark Kostabi
Located in Paris, FR
Silksreen, 2014
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 20/50
Publisher : Galerie-F Edition
61.00 cm. x 75.00 cm. 24.02 in. x 29.53 in. (paper)
48.00 cm. x 63.50 cm. 18.9 i...
Category
2010s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Silk
Erker-Treffen 1
By Giuseppe Santomaso
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph, 1972
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 151/200
Publisher : Erker (St. Gallen)
LCD4707
Category
1970s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Composition Black wing
By Émile Gilioli
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 3/50
66.50 cm. x 52.00 cm. 26.18 in. x 20.47 in. (paper)
64.00 cm. x 50.00 cm. 25.2 in. x 19.69 in. (image)
After the “Bl...
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Phantom of Opera
By Corneille
Located in Paris, FR
Silksreen, 1993
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and annotated EA
Artist proof
88.00 cm. x 65.00 cm. 34.65 in. x 25.59 in. (paper)
74.50 cm. x 54.50 cm. 29.33 in. x 21.46 in. (i...
Category
1990s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Silk
Red, white and black composition L42
By Serge Poliakoff
Located in Paris, FR
Lithograph and stencil, 1963
Handsigned by the artist in pencil and numbered 104/120
Publisher : Overbeck-Gesellschaft, Lübeck
Printer : Erker-Presse, St Gallen
Catalog : [Schneider ...
Category
1960s Abstract Paris - Abstract Prints
Materials
Lithograph
Read More
Joan Mitchell’s Rare, Late-Career Diptych Buzzes with Life
Beneath the inky blackness, the painter’s irrepressible energy electrifies this pair of intaglio prints.
The 1stDibs Guide to Types of Abstract Art
Get to know the key movements and artists who have influenced visual culture for more than a century.
Get to Know the Artists Who Led the Op Art Movement
In the 1960s and '70s, the hypnotic creations of Op artists went mainstream and influenced the look of pop culture.